XAML Views Reference

The main window shell, the page hierarchy, the dialog windows, custom controls, value converters, and how themes switch at runtime.

v4 (2026-07-12): Updated for the v4 ember restyle (#175). The HIDMaestro SDK surface, OpenXInput shim, thread-pool lifecycle, and bubble-up cascade live on HIDMaestro Deep Dive. If anything here drifts from the live source, the live source wins.

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All views live in PadForge.App/Views/ (PadForge.Views namespace), except MainWindow.xaml in PadForge.App/. Shared custom controls sit alongside them in PadForge.App/Controls/ (CurveEditor, TriggerTravelArc, plus the code-only RangeSlider and EqCurveControl) and PadForge.App/Views/Controls/ (LabeledShapeIcon, ProfilePill, TriggerEffectGraph). Styled with WPF UI 4.3 (Lepo.Wpf.Ui) for Fluent 2 design.

Contents

• Application Shell (MainWindow)
• DashboardPage
• PadPage
• DevicesPage
• KBMPreviewView
• MidiPreviewView
• VRPreviewView
• MousePreviewControl
• SettingsPage
• ProfilesPage
• ProfileSwitchOverlay
• AboutPage
• Dialog Windows
• Value Converters
• Resource Dictionaries and Theming
• Common XAML Patterns
• Code-Behind Patterns

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Application Shell (MainWindow)

Files: MainWindow.xaml, MainWindow.xaml.cs

Application shell: app branding bar, NavigationView sidebar, page content area, status bar, and driver overlay.

App Branding Bar

A custom branding bar replaces the traditional title bar. Grid x:Name="AppBrandingBar" (48px tall) holds a hamburger Button (PaneToggleBtn) on the left and a ui:TitleBar (AppTitleBar) that carries the PadForge icon + name in its header and native minimize/maximize/close with Snap Layout support. The window sets ExtendsContentIntoTitleBar="True" and WindowBackdropType="Mica". The full-screen toggle (FullScreenBtn) in the title bar's trailing content sets WindowChrome.IsHitTestVisibleInChrome="True" so it stays clickable in the non-client area. The hamburger button carries no such attribute.

The window ground is Mica plus a SteelLayer (Grid.RowSpan="3", hit-test-invisible): a near-black steel fill with a faint ember wash top-right and a cold wash on the left. UpdateSteelLayer collapses it in Light theme. The old SyncBarBackgrounds pane-sampling scheme and the TranslateTransform.Y = -12 gap-closing transform are gone.

XAML Structure

Three-row Grid: - Row 0 (auto): App branding bar (AppBrandingBar: hamburger + ui:TitleBar). - Row 1 (star): NavigationView with page containers in its ContentOverlay. - Row 2 (auto): Status bar Border (StatusBarBorder). - Full-window layers (Grid.RowSpan="3"): SteelLayer (ground), DriverOverlay (ZIndex 1000), FirstRunOverlay (ZIndex 900), ShutdownOverlay / StartupOverlay (ZIndex 1001).

<Grid>
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>  <!-- Branding bar -->
        <RowDefinition Height="*"/>     <!-- NavigationView -->
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>  <!-- Status bar -->
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>

    <Grid x:Name="SteelLayer" Grid.RowSpan="3" IsHitTestVisible="False"> <!-- ember steel ground --> </Grid>

    <Grid x:Name="AppBrandingBar" Grid.Row="0" Height="48"> <!-- Hamburger Button + ui:TitleBar --> </Grid>

    <ui:NavigationView x:Name="NavView" Grid.Row="1" PaneDisplayMode="Left" OpenPaneLength="244"
                       IsBackButtonVisible="Collapsed" IsPaneToggleVisible="False"
                       AlwaysShowHeader="False" CompactPaneLength="48">
        <ui:NavigationView.FooterMenuItems>
            <ui:NavigationViewItem x:Name="NavSettings" Tag="Settings"/>
            <ui:NavigationViewItem x:Name="NavAbout" Tag="About"/>
        </ui:NavigationView.FooterMenuItems>
        <ui:NavigationView.ContentOverlay>
            <Grid>
                <views:DashboardPage x:Name="DashboardPageView" Visibility="Visible"/>
                <views:PadPage x:Name="PadPageView" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                <views:DevicesPage x:Name="DevicesPageView" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                <views:SettingsPage x:Name="SettingsPageView" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                <views:ProfilesPage x:Name="ProfilesPageView" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
                <views:AboutPage x:Name="AboutPageView" Visibility="Collapsed"/>
            </Grid>
        </ui:NavigationView.ContentOverlay>
    </ui:NavigationView>

    <Border x:Name="StatusBarBorder" Grid.Row="2"> <!-- Status bar (5 columns) --> </Border>
    <Grid x:Name="DriverOverlay" Grid.RowSpan="3" Panel.ZIndex="1000"> <!-- ... --> </Grid>
</Grid>

Navigation Model

No WPF Frame-based navigation. All pages are instantiated once and visibility-swapped:

1. NavView_SelectionChanged reads the selected item's Tag string.
2. All page containers set to Visibility.Collapsed.
3. The matching page set to Visibility.Visible.
4. For controller slots (tag "Pad:{index}"), PadPage's DataContext is set to the matching PadViewModel.

This preserves control state (scroll position, selected tabs, text fields) across navigation since pages are never destroyed.

Sidebar Construction

NavigationView items use 48px height and 14px font size. Dashboard, Profiles, and Devices are built programmatically in BuildNavigationItems(). Settings and About are declared in XAML as FooterMenuItems (NavSettings / NavAbout) with ember-colored icons, not as BuildNavigationItems entries. Items (in order):

Tag	Content	Icon	Source
Dashboard	Dashboard	F404 FontIcon (home)	BuildNavigationItems()
Profiles	Profiles	E8F1 FontIcon (people)	BuildNavigationItems()
Devices	Devices	E772 FontIcon (USB)	BuildNavigationItems()
Settings	Settings	E713 FontIcon (gear)	XAML footer (NavSettings)
About	About	E946 FontIcon (info)	XAML footer (NavAbout)

Dynamic controller cards are appended after "Devices" (index 3 onward) via RebuildControllerSection(). Each NavigationViewItem contains: - Power/type glyph plus a mini type segment: Xbox / PlayStation / Nintendo / Extended / KB+M / MIDI / VR tiles in VirtualControllerGroups.InOrder, active type lit, plus a fixed-width "#N" instance token. The MIDI tile is disabled without Windows MIDI Services and the VR tile without SteamVR, unless the slot already carries that type - Slot label ("Controller 1", etc.) - Device name subtitle - Delete button (visible on hover)

Called on slot create, delete, or reorder. Uses a _rebuildingControllerSection guard to prevent re-entrancy during selection changes.

Sidebar Drag Reordering

Drag controller cards to reorder virtual controller slots:

1. OnCardDragStart. PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown records start position.
2. OnNavViewDragMove. PreviewMouseMove checks threshold, then BeginCardDrag() creates a CardDragAdorner (ghost preview) and InsertionLineAdorner (drop indicator).
3. UpdateDragPosition. Updates adorner positions, computes target index.
4. EndCardDrag. PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp completes the swap via InputService.SwapSlots(padIndexA, padIndexB).

Cross-Panel Device Drag-Drop

Drag devices from the Devices page to a sidebar controller card: - DevicesPage initiates DragDrop.DoDragDrop() with a DataObject keyed "DeviceInstanceGuid" carrying the device's InstanceGuid (a Guid). - Sidebar NavigationViewItem handlers (DragOver, Drop) accept the drop and assign the device.

Add Controller Popup

Popup with one button per output type, built in ShowControllerTypePopup. Re-invoking the method while the popup is open closes it rather than opening a duplicate, and a reopen inside 300 ms of the last close is suppressed, so the same click cannot dismiss and re-raise it. The seven buttons follow VirtualControllerGroups.InOrder:

Button	AutomationId	Icon	Per-type cap
Xbox	AddXbox360Btn	Xbox SVG	SettingsManager.MaxXbox360Slots (16)
PlayStation	AddDS4Btn	DS4 SVG	SettingsManager.MaxPlayStationSlots (16)
Nintendo	AddNintendoBtn	Switch logo SVG	SettingsManager.MaxNintendoSlots (16)
Extended	AddRawBtn	Joystick SVG	SettingsManager.MaxExtendedSlots (16)
Keyboard+Mouse	AddKeyboardMouseBtn	E961 glyph	SettingsManager.MaxKeyboardMouseSlots (16)
MIDI	AddMidiBtn	E8D6 glyph	SettingsManager.MaxMidiSlots (16)
VR	AddVrBtn	F119 glyph	SettingsManager.MaxVrSlots (1)

The method counts each type from Pads[].OutputType and disables a button (opacity 0.35, "(max N)" tooltip, e.g. Main_Nintendo_Max_Format = "Nintendo (max {0})") when the global slot total reaches 16 or that type hits its own per-type cap. MIDI additionally requires Windows MIDI Services (DriverInstaller.IsMidiServicesInstalled()) and VR requires SteamVR (HMaestroVRController.IsAvailable()). HasAnyControllerTypeCapacity() is a separate check: it tallies created slots from SettingsManager.SlotCreated and returns true while the total stays under 16 (MaxPads). The same seven types repeat, in the same order, in the sidebar card's type segment and on the dashboard slot cards.

Status Bar

Bottom Border (StatusBarBorder), five columns: 1. Status text. StatusText binding (StatusMessageText), trimmed with CharacterEllipsis. A #175 decay sweep fades it out before clearing (code-behind BeginAnimation). 2. Active-profile pill. ProfilePill (StatusProfilePill, #175 item 8). Click opens the switcher flyout. An applied auto-switch flares it. 3. Device count. ConnectedDeviceCount + localized suffix, cold telemetry mono. 4. Polling frequency. PollingFrequency formatted {0:F0} + " Hz", cold telemetry mono. 5. Engine indicator. A flame Path (the shared FlameOuterGeometry) with DataTriggers on Dashboard.EngineStateKey: Running fills ember, Idle/Stopping fills gold (WaitBrush), else outline-only. EngineStatusText beside it turns EmberHotBrush when Running.

Driver Overlay

Semi-transparent overlay during driver install/uninstall: - ProgressRing spinner + text message (DriverOverlayText). - Blocks all UI (Grid.RowSpan="3", Panel.ZIndex="1000"). - Shown/hidden by RunDriverOperationAsync().

Full-Window Overlays

Four more full-window layers sit over the content, each a Grid with Grid.RowSpan="3" and Visibility="Collapsed" until shown:

Layer	ZIndex	Shown when	Contents
SteelLayer	(bottom, hit-test off)	Dark theme always	Ember steel ground under all content
FirstRunOverlay	900	First-run marker file absent, or re-run from Settings	Welcome panel (WelcomePanel) + spotlight tour (TourCanvas: TourHighlight + TourTip)
ShutdownOverlay	1001	App is closing	ProgressRing + "Closing PadForge..." text (Main_ShuttingDown)
StartupOverlay	1001	Orphan-sweep task (App.OrphanSweepTask) still running at launch	ProgressRing + "Starting PadForge…" headline (Main_StartingUp) + "Cleaning up virtual controllers left from a previous session." detail (Main_CleaningPreviousSession), auto-hidden on completion

Composition Root (Code-Behind)

MainWindow.xaml.cs is the service wiring hub (~8500 lines). Constructor:

1. Creates MainViewModel as root and sets DataContext.
2. Sets child DataContext on Dashboard, Devices, Settings, Profiles pages.
3. Creates services: SettingsService, InputService, RecorderService, DeviceService.
4. Wires ViewModel events to services:
5. StartEngineRequested/StopEngineRequested to InputService.Start()/Stop().
6. SaveRequested/ReloadRequested/ResetRequested to SettingsService.
7. Driver install/uninstall to DriverInstaller via RunDriverOperationAsync.
8. TestRumbleRequested/TestLeftMotorRequested/TestRightMotorRequested per pad.
9. Recording flow events per pad/mapping row.
10. Profile management (New, SaveAs, Edit, Load, Delete, RevertToDefault).
11. Device assignment via DeviceService.

Timer Architecture

Timer	Interval	Purpose
DispatcherTimer	33ms (~30Hz)	InputService._uiTimer fires UiTimer_Tick to push engine state into ViewModels
_driverStatusTimer	5s	RefreshHidHideStatus(), RefreshMidiServicesStatus(), and SweepStatusMessage(). Started in the constructor and stopped only in OnClosing, so the status-bar decay keeps running after the engine stops. Hosting the decay on the engine 30 Hz timer would have burned in "Engine stopped." HIDMaestro is embedded so it has no install/uninstall poll
CompositionTarget.Rendering	~60fps	Used by all visualization views (3D, 2D, Schematic, MIDI, KBM, MousePreview) for per-frame visual updates

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DashboardPage

Files: DashboardPage.xaml, DashboardPage.xaml.cs

Engine toggle, slot summary cards, and the service sections.

Section order is pinned by PadForge.Tests/PageOrderContractTests.cs. Dashboard_SectionsRunInTheDecidedOrder asserts each section title's binding appears once and after the one before it, and that the Services header sits between the slot cards and the Web Controller card. Dashboard_DriverStatusStripIsGone asserts the page carries no ED5D glyph, no Dashboard_Drivers key in the XAML, in Strings.Designer.cs, or in any of the ten resx files, and no HidHideStatusText / MidiServicesStatusText / SteamVrStatusText in the page or DashboardViewModel. It also asserts the Settings page still binds all three. Those rows live there only.

Layout Structure

ScrollViewer
  └─ StackPanel (Margin="24,16,24,16")
       ├─ Page header (icon + title)
       ├─ "Input Engine" section header (E9F5 glyph)
       ├─ CardBorder: Engine status card (EngineCard, Grid, 4 columns)
       │   ├─ Col 0: Engine toggle flame `Path` (FlameOuterGeometry, ember when Running, gold when Idle/Stopping, else outline)
       │   ├─ Col 1: EngineStatus text
       │   ├─ Col 2: PollingFrequencyText
       │   └─ Col 3: Online/Total devices count
       ├─ "Virtual Controllers" section header (E7FC glyph)
       ├─ ItemsControl (SlotsItemsControl, WrapPanel over a CompositeCollection:
       │   SlotSummaries plus the Add Controller tile in the same wrap flow)
       │   ├─ DataTemplate: slot card Border (252px wide, 5 rows)
       │   │   ├─ Row 0: Power flame btn + "Slot" + SlotNumber
       │   │   ├─ Row 1: Type segment (Xbox / PlayStation / Nintendo / Extended /
       │   │   │    KB+M / MIDI / VR) on a recessed track + "#N" instance label
       │   │   │    + Delete button
       │   │   ├─ Row 2: Device roster (per-device name + battery glyph, marquee
       │   │   │    on overflow) or the DeviceName empty-state line
       │   │   ├─ Row 3: StatusText + mapped/connected counts
       │   │   └─ Row 4: StageLedger chips (per-stage glyphs with hover readout)
       │   └─ Add Controller tile (AddControllerCard, 252px, dashed steel outline,
       │        MouseLeftButtonUp → AddControllerRequested, gated on ShowAddController)
       └─ ServicesSection StackPanel (one panel so the welcome tour can ring
            the whole group as a single target)
            ├─ "Services" divider (ServicesHeader, ember tick + hairline rule)
            ├─ "Web Controller" section (E774 glyph)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle (EnableWebControllerCheckBox), port
            │      NumberBox + reset, status flame + WebControllerStatus, QR image +
            │      URL box + copy button (shown on HasWebControllerQr, #296), footer
            ├─ "Remote Link" section (E969 glyph, #138)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle (EnableRemoteLinkCheckBox), auto-reconnect toggle,
            │      port NumberBox + reset, status flame + RemoteLinkStatus text,
            │      identity-protection mode ComboBox, Paired PCs list (rename / connect / revoke
            │      per peer, Revoke All), nearby-unpaired list, my-code readout,
            │      connect-by-address box, footer
            ├─ "Head Tracking" section (E77B glyph, #355)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle (HeadTrackingEnabled), FreeTrack toggle
            │      (HeadTrackingFreeTrack), a three-row Grid of port / rotation range /
            │      translation range NumberBoxes each with a reset button,
            │      HeadTrackingStatus source line, footer
            ├─ "Motion Server" section (E7AD glyph, DSU)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle, port NumberBox, status flame, footer
            ├─ "Lightbar Mirrors" section (E781 glyph)
            │   └─ CardBorder holding two divider-separated rows that forward the same
            │      virtual-pad lightbar color, each with its own strings and status line
            │      ├─ Razer Chroma (EnableChromaLightbar, ChromaStatus, #373)
            │      └─ Logitech LIGHTSYNC (EnableLightsyncLightbar, LightsyncStatus, #382)
            ├─ "Razer Sensa HD Haptics" section (E877 glyph, #374)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle (EnableSensaHaptics), SensaStatus, footer
            ├─ "Overlays" section (E700 glyph)
            │   └─ CardBorder: Menu Overlay (EnableMenuOverlay), Shift Layer Flyout
            │      (EnableShiftLayerFlyout), Profile Overlay (EnableProfileOverlay) toggles
            └─ "Touchpad Overlay" section (EDA4 glyph)
                └─ CardBorder: Enable toggle (EnableTouchpadOverlay), opacity slider +
                   NumberBox + reset, reset-position button, status flame +
                   TouchpadOverlayStatus

Key Bindings

Binding	ViewModel	Description
EngineStateKey	DashboardViewModel	Drives the engine flame Path fill: Running = ember, Idle / Stopping = gold (WaitBrush), else outline-only
EngineStatus	DashboardViewModel	Status text next to engine button
PollingFrequencyText	DashboardViewModel	e.g. "998 Hz"
OnlineDevices / TotalDevices	DashboardViewModel	Device count display
SlotSummaries	DashboardViewModel	ObservableCollection<SlotSummary> for slot cards
ShowAddController	DashboardViewModel	Controls Add Controller card visibility
EnableDsuMotionServer	DashboardViewModel	DSU enable checkbox
DsuMotionServerPort	DashboardViewModel	DSU port NumberBox
DsuServerStatus	DashboardViewModel	DSU status text
EnableWebController	DashboardViewModel	Web controller enable checkbox
WebControllerPort / WebControllerStatus	DashboardViewModel	Web controller port and status text
HasWebControllerQr / WebControllerQr / WebControllerUrl	DashboardViewModel	QR panel visibility, the QR bitmap, and the URL shown beside it (#296)
EnableRemoteLink / RemoteLinkPort / RemoteLinkConnectHost	DashboardViewModel	Remote Link enable, port, and connect-by-address host (#138)
AutoReconnect	DashboardViewModel	Remote Link auto-reconnect toggle
IsRemoteLinkRunning / RemoteLinkStatus	DashboardViewModel	Remote Link status flame and text
RemoteLink	DashboardViewModel	DashboardViewModel.RemoteLink is a second reference to the same SettingsViewModel instance, not a separate object. It carries the identity-protection modes and hint, the trusted peers, the nearby-unpaired list, and the revoke commands
HeadTrackingEnabled / HeadTrackingFreeTrack	DashboardViewModel	Head Tracking enable and FreeTrack toggles (#355)
HeadTrackingUdpPort / HeadTrackingRotationRange / HeadTrackingTranslationRange	DashboardViewModel	NumberBoxes ranged 1-65535, 1-180, and 1-500, each with a reset command
HeadTrackingStatus	DashboardViewModel	Which head-tracking source is live, or why neither is
EnableChromaLightbar / ChromaStatus	DashboardViewModel	Razer Chroma mirror row (#373)
EnableLightsyncLightbar / LightsyncStatus	DashboardViewModel	Logitech LIGHTSYNC mirror row (#382)
EnableSensaHaptics / SensaStatus	DashboardViewModel	Razer Sensa HD haptics translation (#374)
EnableMenuOverlay / EnableShiftLayerFlyout / EnableProfileOverlay	DashboardViewModel	Overlays-section toggles
EnableTouchpadOverlay / TouchpadOverlayOpacity / TouchpadOverlayStatus	DashboardViewModel	Touchpad overlay enable, opacity, and status text

Slot Card DataTemplate Bindings (SlotSummary)

Binding	Type	Description
PadIndex	int	Used as Tag for button click routing
SlotNumber	int	Global slot display number (1-based)
IsEnabled	bool	Controls power toggle color
OutputType	VirtualControllerType	Selects which type button is highlighted (Opacity 1.0 vs 0.3)
TypeInstanceLabel	string	Per-type instance number
MappedDevices	ObservableCollection<PadViewModel.MappedDeviceInfo>	Row 2 device roster (name + battery glyph, marquee on overflow)
DeviceName	string	Empty-state line, shown only when MappedDevices.Count is 0
StatusText	string	e.g. "Forging", "Disabled", "Idle", "No mapping"
MappedDeviceCount / ConnectedDeviceCount	int	Mapped/connected counts
HasMappedDevices	bool	MappedDeviceCount > 0. Gates the ember flame and the card's warm rim
IsVirtualControllerConnected	bool	Live VC present. Drops the flame to gold when false
IsSelected	bool	Card whose pad page is in focus keeps the ember glow at rest
IsCreateFailed	bool	VC creation failed. Outranks the awaiting-devices tooltip
IsInitializing	bool	Triggers the ember flash animation (steady ember with reduced motion)
StageLedger	ObservableCollection<SlotStageInfo>	Row 4 stage chips (sticks / triggers / gyro / lighting / touchpad / audio)

Power Toggle State Machine

The slot power toggle is a flame Path (FlameOuterGeometry), not a glyph. It keys off HasMappedDevices and IsVirtualControllerConnected, not a raw device count. Enabled with no mapped devices stays the cold outline (heat needs fuel). There is no HIDMaestro-install state, since the driver is embedded.

Condition	Flame fill	Tooltip
IsEnabled=False	Cold outline (TextFillColorTertiaryBrush)	"Disabled"
IsEnabled=True, no mapped devices	Cold outline	"Forging"
IsEnabled=True + HasMappedDevices=True	EmberBrush + glow	"Forging"
above + IsVirtualControllerConnected=False	WaitBrush gold	"Awaiting devices"
above + EngineStateKey="Stopped"	WaitBrush gold	"Engine stopped"
IsEnabled=True + IsCreateFailed=True	(fill unchanged)	"Virtual controller failed"
IsInitializing=True	EmberBrush (flashing)	"Initializing"

Type Switch Buttons

7 type buttons per slot card (Xbox, PlayStation, Nintendo, Extended, KB+M, MIDI, VR) using a custom TypeSwitchButton style, seated on a recessed SegTrackBrush segment. Dark gray rounded background on hover, transparent border. Active type at Opacity 1.0, inactive at 0.3. Unavailable types (missing prerequisite, e.g. MIDI without Windows MIDI Services, VR without SteamVR) show Cursor.No and a tooltip explaining the requirement. Clicks are guarded in code-behind. The power button also uses the TypeSwitchButton style for visual consistency.

UI Automation

AutomationId	Element	Purpose
EnableWebControllerCheckBox	CheckBox	Web controller enable toggle
EnableRemoteLinkCheckBox	CheckBox	Remote Link enable toggle (#138)

Event Handlers (Code-Behind)

Handler	Event	Action
EngineToggle_Click	Button.Click	Raises EngineToggleRequested
AddControllerCard_Click	Border.MouseLeftButtonUp	Raises AddControllerRequested
DeleteSlot_Click	Button.Click	Raises DeleteSlotRequested(slotIndex)
PowerToggle_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotEnabledToggled(slotIndex, !IsEnabled)
XboxType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, Xbox). HIDMaestro is embedded so no install gate
DS4Type_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, PlayStation)
NintendoType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, Nintendo)
ExtendedType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, Extended)
KeyboardMouseType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, KeyboardMouse)
MidiType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, Midi)
VrType_Click	Button.Click	Raises SlotTypeChangeRequested(slotIndex, Vr) (#49)
SlotCard_Loaded	Border.Loaded	Wires PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown for drag start
OnCardMouseDown	PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown	Records drag start position. Skips if inside a Button
OnDragMove	PreviewMouseMove	Begins/updates card drag with ghost adorner
OnDragEnd	PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp	Completes swap/insert or fires SlotCardClicked for navigation
OnDragKeyDown	PreviewKeyDown	Cancels drag on Escape
OnDragCaptureLost	LostMouseCapture	Cancels the drag when capture is taken away

Dashboard Card Drag Reordering

Drag to reorder (same adorner system as sidebar): - CardDragAdorner. Ghost preview from RenderTargetBitmap snapshot. Adds 4 physical pixels to bitmap dimensions to prevent clipping at high DPI. - InsertionLineAdorner. Accent-colored vertical line at insertion point. - Three zones per card: left 25% = insert before, middle 50% = swap, right 25% = insert after. - Type-group validation: cross-type drag blocked. Same-type only. - Sidebar rebuild suppression: RebuildControllerSection() is suppressed while a card drag is in progress to avoid visual disruption. - Events: SlotSwapRequested(PadIndexA, PadIndexB) and SlotMoveRequested(SourcePadIndex, TargetVisualPos).

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PadPage

Files: PadPage.xaml, PadPage.xaml.cs

Per-slot configuration: two-tier tab strip, optional config bars, and 18 tab panels (Tags 0-17). Tier 1 (slot scope) holds Preview, Mappings, Macros, Menus, Bass Shakers, and Output. Tier 2 (device scope) holds the device selector and the capability tabs, most gated on source-device capability.

Layout Structure

Grid (3 rows)
├─ Row 0 (Auto): Two-tier tab strip (StackPanel of two gradient-bordered Borders)
│   ├─ Tier 1 (slot scope, ember underline): scope label + identity chip + preset
│   │   chip on the left, slot tabs pushed right (TabStripButton, GroupName="PadTab")
│   │   ├─ RadioButton "Preview" (Tag=0, x:Name="TabController", AutomationId="TabController")
│   │   ├─ RadioButton "Mappings" (Tag=2, AutomationId="MappingsTab")
│   │   ├─ RadioButton "Macros" (Tag=1, AutomationId="MacrosTab")
│   │   ├─ RadioButton "Menus" (Tag=15, AutomationId="MenusTab", #9)
│   │   ├─ RadioButton "Bass Shakers" (Tag=16, AutomationId="BassShakersTab",
│   │   │    Visibility bound to RumbleAudioTabVisible, #236)
│   │   └─ RadioButton "Output" (Tag=17, AutomationId="OutputTab",
│   │        Visibility bound to OutputTabVisible, #270 follow-up)
│   └─ Tier 2 (device scope, cold underline): scope label + device ComboBox on the left,
│      capability tabs pushed right in a WrapPanel (TabStripButtonCold, GroupName="PadTabDevice")
│       ├─ ComboBox (MappedDevices, item = LivenessFlame Path + Name + battery)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Sticks" (Tag=3, x:Name="TabSticks")
│       ├─ RadioButton "Triggers" (Tag=4, x:Name="TabTriggers")
│       ├─ RadioButton "Force Feedback" (Tag=5, x:Name="TabForceFeedback", gated on hasForceFeedback)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Wheel" (Tag=11, x:Name="TabWheel", gated on wheel VID/PID)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Impulse Triggers" (Tag=9, x:Name="TabImpulseTriggers", gated on hasRumbleTriggers)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Adaptive Triggers" (Tag=6, x:Name="TabAdaptiveTriggers", gated on hasAdaptiveTriggers)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Lighting" (Tag=7, x:Name="TabLighting", gated on hasLightbar || hasGuideLed)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Gyro" (Tag=8, x:Name="TabGyro", gated on any motion sensor, #392)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Touchpad" (Tag=10, x:Name="TabTouchpad", gated on hasTouchpad)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Audio" (Tag=12, x:Name="TabAudio", gated on hasAudio)
│       ├─ RadioButton "Pointer" (Tag=13, x:Name="TabPointer", gated on hasIrPointer, #146)
│       └─ RadioButton "Mouse" (Tag=14, x:Name="TabMouse", gated on mouse device, #200)
├─ Row 1 (Auto): Extended config bar OR MIDI config bar (conditionally visible)
│   ├─ ExtendedConfigBar (Visibility=Collapsed unless OutputType==Extended)
│   └─ MidiConfigBar (Visibility=Collapsed unless OutputType==Midi)
├─ Invisible MappingsCountIndicator (for UI Automation)
└─ Row 2 (*): TabControl (hidden header via ControlTemplate), one TabItem per Tag (0-17),
   SelectedIndex bound to SelectedConfigTab

The HMaestroProfileBar preset chip sits inline in tier 1 rather than on its own row. The Extended and MIDI config bars are the only Row 1 occupants.

Custom Styles (UserControl.Resources)

Style Key	TargetType	Properties
DzLabel	TextBlock	Width=270, vertically centered, TextFillColorSecondaryBrush. Used for slider row labels.
DzSlider	Slider	Min=0, Max=100, Width=200, IsSnapToTickEnabled=True, TickFrequency=0.1.
OffsetSlider	Slider	Extends DzSlider with Min=-100 (for center offset).
DzValueEdit	TextBox	Width=56, right-aligned, editable percentage value. Neutral hover glow.
DzDigitEdit	TextBox	Width=56, right-aligned, tooltip "Raw axis value". Raw axis value edit.
DzPercent	TextBlock	"%" suffix text, TextFillColorTertiaryBrush.
ResetButton	ui:Button	Content glyph E72C (undo arrow), ContentTemplate FontSize=12, tooltip "Reset". Based on EmberIconButton. Per-row reset.
ResetAllButton	ui:Button	Padding=8,3, FontSize=11, left-aligned, based on EmberIconButton. Section-level reset.
TabStripButton	RadioButton	Slot-tier tab. GroupName="PadTab". Checked = #1AFF6B2C ember-tint fill, EmberHotBrush SemiBold text, 2px ember underline. Hover carries EmberHoverGlow.
TabStripButtonCold	RadioButton	Device-tier tab. GroupName="PadTabDevice" (own radio group). Checked = ColdTintBrush fill, ColdBrush SemiBold text, 2px cold underline. Hover carries ColdHoverGlow.

Custom Tab Strip

Two RadioButton groups. The slot tier (Preview / Mappings / Macros / Menus / Bass Shakers / Output) uses TabStripButton with GroupName="PadTab". The device tier (Sticks through Mouse) uses TabStripButtonCold with GroupName="PadTabDevice". The two groups are independent so WPF never auto-unchecks across tiers. SyncTabStripSelection() keeps exactly one tab checked overall (#175 item 18: only the tier owning the active tab shows a highlight). Its slot-tier test is selected <= 2 || selected == 15 || selected == 16 || selected == 17, since Menus, Bass Shakers, and Output are appended TabItem indices rather than tier-2 tags. Each button stores its Tag (0-17) and sets vm.SelectedConfigTab = Tag on click via TabBtn_Click. ConfigTabControl_PreviewKeyDown swallows Ctrl+Tab and calls CycleConfigTab, which walks the visible RadioButtons of both groups because the header-less TabControl template breaks WPF's own Ctrl+Tab handling (discussion #140).

A TabControl with hidden header (custom ControlTemplate showing only PART_SelectedContentHost) provides content switching. SelectedIndex is bound to SelectedConfigTab.

Tab Visibility Rules

Tabs hidden by output type and by source-device capability:

Tab	Xbox / PlayStation / Extended	KB+Mouse	MIDI	Capability gate
Preview	Visible	Visible	Visible	always
Macros	Visible	Visible	Visible	always
Mappings	Visible	Visible	Visible	always
Menus	Visible	Visible	Visible	always (slot scope, #9)
Sticks	Visible	Visible (Mouse X/Y + Scroll)	Hidden	always within Xbox/PS/Nintendo/Extended
Triggers	Visible	Hidden	Hidden	hidden on an Extended or Nintendo slot whose profile declares no analog triggers (ExtendedConfig.TriggerCount == 0, the Switch Pro's digital ZL/ZR), visible otherwise
Force Feedback	Visible if hasForceFeedback	Hidden	Hidden	selected device's CapType is stick-class (Gamepad / Joystick / Driving / Flight / FirstPerson). Hidden for keyboard / mouse / touchpad / MIDI even on an Xbox/PS/Extended slot
Impulse Triggers	Visible if hasImpulseTriggers	Hidden	Hidden	source device has impulse-trigger motors (Xbox One / One S / Elite / Elite Series 2 / Series X|S, Microsoft VID). Xbox 360 and DualSense excluded
Adaptive Triggers	Visible if hasAdaptiveTriggers	Hidden	Hidden	source device is a DualSense or DualSense Edge
Lighting	Visible if hasLightbar \|\| hasGuideLed	Hidden	Hidden	a lightbar (DS4 / DualSense family, the PS Move sphere, or a web controller drawing a DS4 / DualSense) shows the lightbar cards. A Guide/HOME-button LED shows only the GuideLedCard: XInput/GIP Xbox pad over USB or the 2015 Steam Controller (#209), plus the Switch home-LED population (#226: Pro Controller, right Joy-Con, Joy-Con pair, charging grip)
Gyro	Visible if hasGyro	Hidden	Hidden	source device has any motion sensor (ud.HasGyro \|\| ud.HasAccel). On an accelerometer-only device the tab shows with its five gyro-rate cards collapsed (#392)
Pointer	Visible if hasIrPointer	Hidden	Hidden	source device is an IR-capable Wii Remote (#146)
Touchpad	Visible if hasTouchpad	Hidden	Hidden	source device has a touchpad (DualSense family, DS4, Steam Controller)
Wheel	Visible if hasWheel \|\| hasGenericWheel	Hidden	Hidden	source device is a force-feedback wheel
Audio	Visible if hasAudio	Hidden	Hidden	source has a speaker (DualSense / DS4 / Wii Remote) or plays HD haptic tones (Joy-Con, Switch Pro, Steam Controller / Deck, SC 2026) (#147)
Mouse	Visible if source is a mouse	Hidden	Hidden	source device is a mouse (per-device mouse-gesture settings, #200)

VR slots (#49) hide both Sticks and Triggers: the Vr lane reads none of the stick or trigger tuning keys those tabs edit.

Tag numbers: Preview 0, Macros 1, Mappings 2, Sticks 3, Triggers 4, Force Feedback 5, Adaptive Triggers 6, Lighting 7, Gyro 8, Impulse Triggers 9, Touchpad 10, Wheel 11, Audio 12, Pointer 13, Mouse 14, Menus 15, Bass Shakers 16, Output 17. Bass Shakers (4.1.0, #236, AutomationId BassShakersTab) is slot-tier and gates on SLOT TYPE, not device capability: visible via RumbleAudioTabVisible for Xbox, PlayStation, and Nintendo slots plus Extended slots with a force-feedback surface. Output (#270 follow-up, AutomationId OutputTab) is slot-tier too and carries the SOCD and Keep Controller Awake cards. OutputTabVisible is false only for MIDI and VR slots, which have no output-behavior surface. The Audio tab was speaker-only before 3.6.0. It now shows for any haptic-tone pad as well. The Lighting tab used to be lightbar-only. It now also raises for a device with only a Guide/HOME-button LED (#209, and since #226 the Switch home-LED devices: Pro Controller, right Joy-Con, Joy-Con pair, charging grip): the lightbar cards (LightbarModeCard, LightingLightbarSubtitle, LightingPlayerIdleHint) collapse and the GuideLedCard brightness control takes their place.

If the selected tab is hidden, the view auto-switches to Preview (index 0). SyncTabVisibility() toggles the device-tier capability tabs from the selected device's capabilities, and also drives the motor activity bars (MotorBarsGrid).

Slot Identity Chip

The Preview tab itself (Tag 0, x:Name="TabController", header text Pad_Tab_Preview) is text-only. The type icon lives in the standalone, non-interactive identity chip at the left of tier 1, which stays ember regardless of which tab is checked. It picks its icon via DataTriggers on OutputType:

• Xbox → XboxControllerIcon (Image)
• PlayStation → DS4ControllerIcon (Image)
• Nintendo → NintendoControllerIcon (Image)
• Extended → ExtendedControllerIcon (Image)
• anything else → GenericControllerIcon (the Image default)
• Midi → EC4F glyph (TextBlock, Image collapsed)
• KeyboardMouse → E961 glyph (keyboard, TextBlock, Image collapsed)

The DrawingImage resource keys (XboxControllerIcon, DS4ControllerIcon) keep the v2 short names. One icon represents the whole family regardless of which specific HM profile (Xbox 360 / Xbox One / Series / Elite / Adaptive, or DS4 / DualSense / DualSense Edge) the slot ends up running. Beside the icon, one TextBlock carries OutputTypeDisplayName plus a TypeInstanceLabel Run in telemetry mono, so the type name and the "#2" token share a baseline.

Multi-Device Selector

Inline ComboBox bound to MappedDevices / SelectedMappedDevice. Each item shows a LivenessFlame Path (fills ember with a glow when IsOnline, outline-only stroke when offline), device Name in cold, and its battery percentage when the device reports one (#167). Sits in tier 2 (device scope) on the left, beside the "Device" scope label, ahead of the right-pushed capability tabs.

UI Automation Properties

AutomationId	Element	Purpose
TabController	RadioButton (tab 0)	Preview tab identification. x:Name kept from v2/v3, header text is now "Preview"
MappingsTab	RadioButton (tab 2)	Mappings tab identification
HMaestroProfileCombo	ComboBox	HIDMaestro profile selection for Xbox / PlayStation / Nintendo slots. Extended has its own ExtendedProfileCombo (no AutomationId)
RawStickCountBox	TextBox	Extended slot thumbstick count override
ExtendedTriggerCountBox	TextBox	Extended slot trigger count override
RawPovCountBox	TextBox	Extended slot POV count override
RawButtonCountBox	TextBox	Extended slot button count override
MappingsCountIndicator	TextBlock (invisible)	AutomationProperties.Name bound to Mappings.Count
DeadZoneShapeCombo	ComboBox	Deadzone shape selector (Sticks tab)
SensitivityXCombo	ComboBox	Sensitivity X preset (Sticks tab)
TriggerPresetCombo	ComboBox	Trigger sensitivity preset (Triggers tab)
ControllerModelHost	Grid	Preview tab visualization host
ViewModeToggle	Button	2D/3D preview toggle
MacroAddButton / MacroRemoveButton	ui:Button	Macro list add and remove
MenuAddButton / MenuRemoveButton	ui:Button	Menu list add and remove (#9)
MacrosTab / MenusTab / BassShakersTab / OutputTab	RadioButton	The remaining slot-tier tabs
AssignOfferBanner	Border	The assign-offer banner raised when a newly seen device matches the slot
AssignOfferAccept / AssignOfferDismiss	ui:Button	Its two answers

Event Handlers (Code-Behind)

Handler	Trigger	Action
PadPage_Loaded	UserControl.Loaded	Calls ApplyViewMode, SyncTabStripSelection, SyncExtendedConfigBar, SyncMidiConfigBar
OnDataContextChanged	DataContextChanged	Unsubscribes old VM, subscribes new VM PropertyChanged, resyncs all
ViewModeToggle_Click	Button.Click	Toggles SettingsViewModel.Use2DControllerView, calls ApplyViewMode
TabBtn_Click	RadioButton.Click	Sets vm.SelectedConfigTab from Tag
Motor_MouseEnter/Leave	StackPanel.Mouse	Hover opacity effect (0.7/1.0)
LeftMotor_Click	StackPanel.MouseLeftButtonDown	padVm.FireTestLeftMotor()
RightMotor_Click	StackPanel.MouseLeftButtonDown	padVm.FireTestRightMotor()
MapAllToggle_Click	Button.Click	Starts Map All, or stops it when already active (button text is MapAllButtonText)
CalibrateCenter_Click	Button.Click	StickConfigItem.StartCalibration()
ProfileCombo_PreviewKeyDown	ComboBox.PreviewKeyDown	Forwards Enter/Esc on HMaestroProfileCombo and ExtendedProfileCombo to commit / dismiss
ExtendedCustomValue_Changed	TextBox.LostFocus	Applies clamped Extended layout overrides (sticks/triggers/POVs/buttons)
ExtendedCustomValue_KeyDown	TextBox.KeyDown(Enter)	Same as LostFocus apply
MidiConfig_Changed	TextBox.LostFocus	Applies clamped MIDI config, rebuilds mappings if counts change
MidiConfig_KeyDown	TextBox.KeyDown(Enter)	Same as LostFocus apply
StickPresetX_SelectionChanged	ComboBox.SelectionChanged	Sets StickConfigItem.SensitivityCurveX from preset
StickPresetY_SelectionChanged	ComboBox.SelectionChanged	Sets StickConfigItem.SensitivityCurveY from preset
TriggerPreset_SelectionChanged	ComboBox.SelectionChanged	Sets TriggerConfigItem.SensitivityCurve from preset
AppVolumeProcessDropDown_Opened	ComboBox.DropDownOpened	action.RefreshAudioProcessesCommand.Execute()
DeviceAxisPicker_DropDownOpened	ComboBox.DropDownOpened	Populates ComboBox with devices assigned to current slot
DeviceAxisIndexPicker_DropDownOpened	ComboBox.DropDownOpened	Populates ComboBox with axis-type DeviceObjects from selected device
OnPadVmPropertyChanged	PadViewModel.PropertyChanged	Syncs tab strip on SelectedConfigTab, resyncs config bars on OutputType

Preview Tab (Tab 0). Detailed

Grid (3 rows)
├─ Row 0 (*): Controller visualization area
│   ├─ ControllerModelView (3D, HelixToolkit)
│   ├─ ControllerModel2DView (2D overlays, Collapsed by default)
│   ├─ ControllerSchematicView (procedural Extended/HID layout, Collapsed)
│   ├─ MidiPreviewView (MIDI, Collapsed)
│   ├─ KBMPreviewView (KB+Mouse, Collapsed)
│   ├─ VRPreviewView (VR hand pair, Collapsed, #49)
│   └─ ViewModeToggle button (top-left, E8B9↔F158 icon)
├─ Row 1 (Auto): Motor activity bars (MotorBarsGrid, 400px wide, centered)
│   ├─ Col 0: Left Motor ProgressBar (MotorCapsuleTemplate) + label, clickable
│   └─ Col 1: Right Motor ProgressBar + label, clickable
└─ Row 2 (Auto): Map All controls
    ├─ Map All / Stop toggle Button (MapAllPillButton, Content=MapAllButtonText, Click=MapAllToggle_Click). Text flips to "Stop" when IsMapAllActive
    └─ MapAllPromptText (EmberHotBrush, SemiBold, collapsed when null)

View Switching Logic (ApplyViewMode):

Output Type	HIDMaestro Profile	User Pref	Active View	Toggle Visible
KeyboardMouse	.	.	KBMPreviewView	No
Midi	.	.	MidiPreviewView	No
Vr	.	.	VRPreviewView	No
Extended	any	.	ControllerSchematicView	No
Xbox	.	2D	ControllerModel2DView	Yes
Xbox	.	3D	ControllerModelView	Yes
PlayStation	.	2D	ControllerModel2DView	Yes
PlayStation	.	3D	ControllerModelView	Yes
Nintendo	.	2D	ControllerModel2DView	Yes
Nintendo	.	3D	ControllerModelView	Yes

BindActiveModelView(): Unbinds all six views, subscribes the active view's ControllerElementRecordRequested event, then calls Bind(vm). All views fire ControllerElementRecordRequested with a PadSetting target name for click-to-record. The 2D view additionally wires AnnotationChipNavigateRequested and AnnotationsToggled.

Motor Activity Bars. Two ProgressBar capsules (MotorBarsGrid, MotorCapsuleTemplate, Minimum=0/Maximum=1) bound to LeftMotorDisplay/RightMotorDisplay. The template fills an ember gradient with a leading-edge glow that grows from zero width at 0%. Each capsule is wrapped in a clickable Grid for motor test. Hover dims to 0.7 opacity via Motor_MouseEnter/Motor_MouseLeave.

Macros Tab (Tab 1). Detailed

Grid (3 columns)
├─ Col 0 (250px): Macro list panel
│   ├─ DockPanel.Top: Add/Remove buttons
│   └─ ListBox (Macros, DisplayMemberPath="Name")
├─ Col 1 (Auto): GridSplitter (4px, draggable)
└─ Col 2 (*): Macro editor (ScrollViewer)
    └─ StackPanel (DataContext=SelectedMacro)
        ├─ Name TextBox (UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged)
        ├─ Enabled CheckBox
        ├─ Fire mode ComboBox, 12 items in strip order: OnPress, SinglePress,
        │   OnRelease, WhileHeld, HoldForMs, ShortPress, DoublePress, TriplePress,
        │   Toggle, Turbo, Always, CustomExpression
        ├─ Trigger Combination panel (hidden when Always mode)
        │   ├─ Trigger Source ComboBox (InputDevice/OutputController)
        │   ├─ Trigger display/recording text + Record button
        │   ├─ Recording hint text
        │   ├─ Axis threshold slider (1-100%, visible when UsesAxisTrigger)
        │   ├─ Axis direction ComboBox (Any/Positive/Negative, visible when UsesAxisTrigger)
        │   └─ Consume trigger buttons CheckBox
        ├─ Always mode description note
        ├─ Custom Expression formula editor (CustomExpression mode): a-z variable chips (gated on VariableCount) plus operator / comparison / logic / function chips
        ├─ Separator
        └─ Action Sequence section
            ├─ Add Action / Remove buttons
            ├─ Actions ListBox (DisplayMemberPath="DisplayText")
            └─ Action editor Border (DataContext=SelectedAction)
                ├─ Action Type ComboBox (grouped, `MacroTypeCatalog.View`)
                └─ Type-specific panels (conditional visibility):

Grouped Action Type Picker. The picker binds ItemsSource="{Binding Source={x:Static vm:MacroTypeCatalog.View}}" with SelectedValuePath="Type" and DisplayMemberPath="Label". MacroTypeCatalog (PadForge.App/ViewModels/MacroTypeCatalog.cs) carries all 56 MacroActionType values exactly once, in display order, across eleven category shelves: Virtual Buttons, Virtual Axes & Wheel, Keyboard & Text, Mouse, Timing & Flow, Rumble, Lightbar & LEDs, Sound & Volume, Motion & Pointer, Layers & Overlays, System & Apps. MacroTypeCatalog.View is a ListCollectionView grouped on Category, and the ComboBox draws each shelf through a GroupStyle.HeaderTemplate, the arrangement the cross-device input picker uses. Item tooltips ride the ItemContainerStyle. The list is one instance for the process lifetime, refilled in place on Strings.CultureChanged so an x:Static-bound view never strands on a stale list. PadForge.Tests/MacroTypeCatalogTests.cs pins the census: every enum member appears exactly once, Choices.Count equals Enum.GetValues<MacroActionType>().Length, the categories stay eleven contiguous blocks, and the picker still binds MacroTypeCatalog.View.

Macro Trigger Section:

Field	Binding	Visibility
Fire mode dropdown	TriggerMode (SelectedValue, SelectedValuePath="Tag")	Always
Trigger source	TriggerSource	Hidden in Always mode (IsNotAlwaysMode)
Trigger display	TriggerDisplayText / RecordingLiveText	Hidden in Always mode
Record button	RecordTriggerCommand / RecordTriggerButtonText	Hidden in Always mode
Axis threshold	TriggerAxisThreshold (Slider 1-100%)	UsesAxisTrigger
Axis direction	TriggerAxisDirectionIndex (Any/Positive/Negative)	UsesAxisTrigger
Consume trigger	ConsumeTriggerButtons (CheckBox)	Hidden in Always mode

Action Type Editor Panels. One Visibility branch per shape, each bound to an Is*Type predicate on MacroAction. Some branches cover a family (IsAnyRumbleSetType, IsAnyAxisValueType, IsAnyMouseButtonType). The ones below are the shapes worth naming. Grep Is[A-Za-z]*Type in PadPage.xaml for the full set.

Action Type	Visible Panel	Key Controls
ButtonPress / ButtonRelease	IsButtonType	WrapPanel of CheckBox items from ButtonOptions
KeyPress / KeyRelease	IsKeyType	KeyString TextBox (Consolas font), VirtualKey ComboBox picker, Clear button
ButtonPress / KeyPress / Delay	IsDurationType	DurationMs TextBox + "ms" label
AxisSet	IsAxisType	Axis target ComboBox (LStickX/Y, RStickX/Y, LT, RT) + AxisValue TextBox
SystemVolume	IsSystemVolumeType	Axis source (Output/Input), axis selector, device picker, volume limit slider, invert toggle, OSD toggle
AppVolume	IsAppVolumeType	Process ComboBox (editable, refreshes on dropdown), axis source, device picker, volume limit, invert toggle
MouseMove / MouseScroll	IsMouseMoveType	Axis source (Output/Input), axis selector, device picker, sensitivity slider
MouseButtonPress / MouseButtonRelease	IsMouseButtonType	Mouse button ComboBox (Left/Right/Middle/X1/X2)
DisconnectController	IsDisconnectControllerType	Target-mode ComboBox (DisconnectTarget: Triggering Device / Specific Device / Slot Devices / All Devices) + specific-device picker ComboBox (DisconnectDeviceOptions, gated on IsDisconnectSpecificDevice)
SwitchLayer	IsSwitchLayerType	A CardBorder with MacroAction_Type_SwitchLayer as its title, the Macro_SwitchLayer_Hint line, and a 240px ComboBox over the slot's own LayerTabs (SelectedValuePath="LayerMask", DisplayMemberPath="LayerName") writing SwitchLayerMask. Choices are Base plus every authored layer, the same name/mask pairs the layer-scope picker uses (#377)

Device Axis Picker (shared by SystemVolume, AppVolume, MouseMove): - Device ComboBox: DropDownOpened populates from devices assigned to current slot. - Axis index ComboBox: DropDownOpened populates with IsAxis DeviceObjects from selected device. - Uses AxisPickerItem wrapper with InputIndex and localized DisplayName.

Mappings Tab (Tab 2). Detailed

Grid (4 rows, x:Name="MappingDataGrid" at Row 3)
├─ Row 0 (Auto): Toolbar
│   ├─ "Copy" Button (CopySettingsCommand)
│   ├─ "Paste" Button (PasteSettingsCommand)
│   ├─ "Copy From" Button (CopyFromCommand)
│   ├─ "Map All" Button (MapAllButtonText, Click=MapAllToggle_Click)
│   ├─ "Add Layer" Button (AddShiftLayerButton, Click=AddShiftLayer_Click)
│   ├─ MappingFilterSearchBox (ui:TextBox, MappingInputSearch, find-as-you-type)
│   ├─ MappingDeviceFilterToggle (Filter24 funnel) + Popup (PickerDeviceFilterEntries checkboxes)
│   ├─ Hint text (italic, secondary brush)
│   └─ "Clear All" Button (far end, EmberDestructiveButton, Click=ClearAllMappings_Click → ConfirmDialog)
├─ Row 1 (Auto): ShiftLayerTabStrip (nested layer tabs bound to LayerTabs, hidden when only Base)
├─ Row 2 (Auto): Pipeline-status chips (SHIFT / INV / DZ, click-to-highlight)
└─ Row 3 (*): DataGrid (HorizontalAlignment=Left, every column Width="Auto")
    ├─ Column: "Output" (TargetLabel text)
    ├─ Column: "Source" (grouped ComboBox dropdown)
    ├─ Column: "Value" (CurrentValueText, mono)
    ├─ Column: Record button (ToggleRecordCommand)
    ├─ Column: Clear button (ClearCommand)
    ├─ Column: "Options" (Invert + Half checkboxes)
    └─ Column: "Deadzone" (per-mapping activation threshold, #42)

DataGrid Properties: - AutoGenerateColumns="False", CanUserAddRows="False", CanUserDeleteRows="False", CanUserReorderColumns="False", IsReadOnly="True". - Row style: transparent background, retemplated with a #175 "rowfire" ember underline drawn at the cells' bottom edge. A plain row with no options collapses to a 26px mono compact line and expands to the full editor on click or selection.

Source Column ComboBox: - ItemsSource="{Binding AvailableInputsView}". Grouped ICollectionView over the row's AvailableInputs (per-device groups via ComboBox.GroupStyle). - SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedInput, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}". - DisplayMemberPath="DisplayName".

Options Column: - Invert CheckBox. IsInverted binding. - Half CheckBox. IsHalfAxis binding.

Picker Filter (#322): One search box and one device-visibility popup filter the slot's shared choice view, so every picker on the tab reflects them when opened. Ctrl+F focuses the box through MappingsTabRoot_PreviewKeyDown on the tab root.

• MappingInputSearch is find-as-you-type and session-only, never persisted. Its setter calls ApplyMappingPickerFilter().
• The search also filters the grid rows as well as the dropdown contents: RowMatchesSearch matches a row's target label or its selected source's display name. Rows are outputs, so the device-visibility set never hides them. Only typed text does.
• PickerDeviceFilterEntries drives the popup's per-device checkboxes. HiddenPickerDeviceKeys (device guids plus "any" for the device-agnostic group) persists per slot in the settings root, not in profiles.
• MappingPickerFilterActive is true while either filter narrows the list, so the funnel reads as engaged.

A view filter changes what a dropdown OFFERS, never what a row's binding holds.

Sticks Tab (Tab 3). Detailed

ScrollViewer
  └─ ItemsControl (ItemsSource=StickConfigs, DataType=StickConfigItem)
      └─ per-stick StackPanel:
          ├─ Title + "Reset All" button
          └─ Grid (2 columns)
              ├─ Col 0 (*): Slider controls
              │   ├─ "Calibrate Center" button (click → StartCalibration)
              │   ├─ Center Offset X (OffsetSlider, -100 to 100, + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Center Offset Y (OffsetSlider + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Deadzone Shape ComboBox (6 shapes)
              │   ├─ Deadzone X (DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Deadzone Y (DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Anti-Deadzone X (DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Anti-Deadzone Y (DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Linear (DzSlider + % edit + reset)
              │   ├─ "Sensitivity Curves" header + hint text
              │   ├─ Sensitivity X (preset ComboBox + reset)
              │   ├─ Sensitivity Y (preset ComboBox + reset)
              │   ├─ Min Range X/Left (1-100, DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Max Range X/Right (1-100, DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   ├─ Min Range Y/Down (1-100, DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              │   └─ Max Range Y/Up (1-100, DzSlider + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              └─ Col 1 (Auto): Live preview panel (MinWidth=216)
                  ├─ Stick position preview (212×212 Border)
                  │   ├─ 200×200 Ellipse background
                  │   ├─ Grid lines (crosshair + quadrant dashes)
                  │   ├─ Deadzone overlays (shape-dependent):
                  │   │   ├─ Axial: yellow cross arms + red center rectangle
                  │   │   ├─ Radial/ScaledRadial: red ellipse
                  │   │   ├─ Sloped/SlopedScaled: yellow wedges (SlopedWedgeGeometryConverter)
                  │   │   └─ Hybrid: yellow wedges + red circle center
                  │   ├─ Anti-deadzone ring (thin ember `#80FF6B2C` ellipse at the
                  │   │  output-floor radius, collapsed while both axes sit at 0)
                  │   └─ Cold-blue stick position dot (9px, `#FF58B6E4`, NormToCanvasConverter)
                  ├─ RawDisplay text (centered, wrapping)
                  └─ CurveEditor pair (X-axis + Y-axis, 96px each)
                      ├─ CurveEditor X: CurveString=SensitivityCurveX, DeadZone/MaxRange bindings
                      └─ CurveEditor Y: CurveString=SensitivityCurveY, DeadZone/MaxRange bindings

Deadzone Shape Options (ComboBox index):

Index	Shape	Deadzone Overlay
0	Scaled Radial	Red ellipse (IsRadialShape)
1	Radial	Red ellipse (IsRadialShape)
2	Axial	Yellow cross arms + red center rectangle (IsAxialShape)
3	Hybrid	Yellow wedges + red circle (IsHybridShape)
4	Sloped Scaled Axial	Yellow wedges (HasSlopedWedges)
5	Sloped Axial	Yellow wedges (HasSlopedWedges)

Per-Slider Row Pattern: Each parameter row follows this layout:

[DzLabel 270px] [Slider 200px] [TextBox 56px] [%] [DigitEdit 56px] [ResetButton]

Slider and TextBox both bind to the same property (e.g., DeadZoneX) with Mode=TwoWay. Digit edit binds to a separate *Digit property for raw axis values. Reset buttons use per-property commands (e.g., ResetDeadZoneXCommand).

Independent Axis Range Sliders: - MaxRangeXNeg / MaxRangeX. Left/Right boundaries for X axis (1-100%). - MaxRangeY / MaxRangeYNeg. Down/Up boundaries for Y axis (1-100%).

Triggers Tab (Tab 4). Detailed

ScrollViewer
  └─ ItemsControl (ItemsSource=TriggerConfigs, DataType=TriggerConfigItem)
      └─ per-trigger StackPanel:
          ├─ Title + "Reset All" button
          └─ Grid (single column) holding one StackPanel
              ├─ Range: RangeSlider (dual-thumb, DeadZone/MaxRange 0-100%)
              │   + two TextBox edits (dz.max) + two digit edits + reset
              ├─ Anti-Deadzone (DzSlider 0-100% + % edit + digit edit + reset)
              ├─ Separator
              ├─ "Sensitivity Curve" header + hint text
              ├─ Preset ComboBox (120px, `CurvePresetChoices`, the instance accessor
              │   over the static `CurvePresetNames`) + reset
              ├─ CurveEditor (full width, IsFullWidth=True, ChartHeight=150, IsSigned=False)
              │   └─ CurveString=SensitivityCurve, DeadZone/MaxRange/LiveInput bindings
              └─ Live instrument panel (inset Border, Grid)
                  ├─ RAW bar (ProgressBar 0-1, RawNorm, InstrumentBarRaw) + RawDisplay text
                  ├─ OUT bar (ProgressBar 0-1, LiveValue, InstrumentBarOut) + OutDisplay text
                  └─ TriggerTravelArc (RawValue=RawNorm, OutValue=LiveValue, spans both rows)

RangeSlider. Dual-thumb control for deadzone floor and max range ceiling: - LowerValue="{Binding DeadZone}". Deadzone threshold. - UpperValue="{Binding MaxRange}". Max range ceiling. - The range between thumbs represents the active trigger zone.

Force Feedback Tab (Tab 5). Detailed

ScrollViewer
  └─ StackPanel
      ├─ "Force Feedback / Rumble" header + "Reset All" button
      ├─ Overall Gain slider (0-100%, ForceOverallGain)
      ├─ Left Motor Strength slider (0-100%, LeftMotorStrength)
      ├─ Right Motor Strength slider (0-100%, RightMotorStrength)
      ├─ "Fold Trigger Rumble into Main Motors" CheckBox (FfbTriggerFoldChk, TriggerRumbleFold)
      ├─ "Swap Left and Right Motors" CheckBox (SwapMotors)
      ├─ "Test Rumble" Button (TestRumbleCommand)
      ├─ "Motor Activity" header
      ├─ Left Motor live bar (ProgressBar 0-1, LeftMotorDisplay)
      ├─ Right Motor live bar (ProgressBar 0-1, RightMotorDisplay)
      ├─ "Constant Force" card (F0AD icon + "Reset All" ResetConstantForceCommand + description)
      │   ├─ "Apply Constant Force" CheckBox (ConstantForceEnabled)
      │   ├─ Drag pad (ConstantForcePadBorder, mouse handlers, SignedNormToCanvasConverter)
      │   └─ X / Y sliders + F2 edits + per-axis reset (ConstantForceX / ConstantForceY)
      ├─ Audio Bass Rumble section
      │   ├─ "Audio Rumble" header + "Reset All" button + description
      │   ├─ Enable CheckBox (AudioRumbleEnabled)
      │   ├─ Sensitivity slider (1-20, AudioRumbleSensitivity, format F1)
      │   ├─ Bass Cutoff slider (20-200 Hz, AudioRumbleCutoffHz, format F0)
      │   ├─ Left Motor slider (0-100%, AudioRumbleLeftMotor)
      │   ├─ Right Motor slider (0-100%, AudioRumbleRightMotor)
      │   └─ Level meter (ProgressBar 0-1, AudioRumbleLevelMeter)
      └─ "Trigger Routing" card (E72A icon + "Reset All" ResetTriggerRouteCardCommand + description)
          ├─ Left: source ComboBox, mode ComboBox, scale slider, activator display +
          │   record button (LeftTriggerRouteActivatorRecordCommand, EmberIconButtonHot)
          │   and activator-mode ComboBox, each with its own reset
          └─ Right: the same five rows on the RightTriggerRoute* bindings

All Audio Rumble controls bind IsEnabled="{Binding AudioRumbleEnabled}". Grayed out when off.

Gyro Tab (Tab 8). Detailed

The tab opens on the E7AD page header (Pad_Gyro_Header + Pad_Gyro_Subtitle), then nine CardBorder cards in this order:

Order	Card	x:Name	Glyph	Shown when
1	Grip (#392)	(unnamed)	E815	always
2	Motion Passthrough	GyroPassthroughCard	E72A	gyro rate
3	Motion Steering (#94)	(unnamed)	inline Path	always
4	Tilt	(unnamed)	E99A	always
5	Calibration	GyroCalibrationCard	F272	gyro rate
6	Sensitivity	GyroSensitivityCard	E9E9	gyro rate
7	Compass Yaw (#271)	CompassYawCard	E707	Switch 2 magnetometer
8	Response	GyroResponseCard	F1CB	gyro rate
9	Engage (#120)	GyroEngageCard	E7E8	gyro rate

The tab raises for any motion sensor, so an accelerometer-only remote reaches Grip, Tilt, and Motion Steering. SyncTabVisibility() keeps two flags apart for that: hasGyro is ud.HasGyro || ud.HasAccel and drives TabGyro.Visibility, while hasGyroRate is ud.HasGyro alone and collapses the five rate cards named above. Before #392 the tab itself was gyro-gated, so an accelerometer-only Wii Remote never saw Tilt.

Grip card. One row: a MotionGripOptions ComboBox on MotionGrip (SelectedValuePath="Value", DisplayMemberPath="Display", 260px) plus ResetMotionGripCommand. The four holds are Pointing (the default), Sideways, WiiWheel, and Upright, stored as those canonical English identifiers. The grip rotates gyro, accelerometer, and gravity into the game's frame, and the D-pad follows it.

Engage card (#120). Below the Easy-Aim stick threshold, two ComboBoxes gate gyro engagement per stick and per direction. Both use SelectedValuePath="Tag" and reset buttons.

Control	Binding	Items (Tag)
Engage Stick	GyroEngageStickSide	Right / Left / Either
Engage Direction	GyroEngageStickDirection	Full / X / Y / XNeg / XPos / YNeg / YPos

Reset buttons run ResetGyroEngageStickSideCommand (to Right) and ResetGyroEngageStickDirectionCommand (to Full).

Mappings Tab. Per-Source Motion Sensitivity

Two per-source sensitivity rows render inside the mapping source editor, each gated on the selected source:

• IR Pointer X/Y (#146): visible on IsIrPointerSource. Slider + TextBox bound to IrPointerSensitivity, reset via ResetIrPointerSensitivityCommand.
• Mouse Motion X/Y (#154): visible on IsMouseMotionSource. Same IrPointerSensitivity binding with its own tooltip string.

Pointer Tab (Tab 13). IR Camera Tuning (#146)

Wii Remote IR camera tuning. TabPointer (Tag 13) is Visibility="Collapsed" by default and shown by SyncTabVisibility() only when the selected mapped device is an IR-capable Wii Remote (hasIrPointer). Hosts the IR sensor-bar position and related pointer tunables.

Menus Tab (Tab 15). Detailed

Radial / touch menu editor (#9). Slot tier like Macros: menus live on the slot's MappingSet. Tag 15 is the appended TabItem's index.

Grid (3 columns)
├─ Col 0 (250px): Menu list panel
│   ├─ WrapPanel.Top: Add / Remove / Duplicate buttons
│   │   (AutomationIds "MenuAddButton" / "MenuRemoveButton")
│   └─ ListBox (Menus, SelectedItem=SelectedMenu, DisplayMemberPath="Name",
│      EmberSelectListItem container style)
├─ Col 1 (Auto): GridSplitter (4px, draggable)
└─ Col 2 (*): Empty state OR menu editor
    ├─ Empty state (visible while !HasSelectedMenu): outline flame Path
    │   + Menu_EmptyHint cold guidance text, same shape as Macros
    └─ ScrollViewer (DataContext=SelectedMenu, gated on HasSelectedMenu)
        └─ StackPanel
            ├─ Menu Name TextBox (UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged) + Enabled CheckBox
            ├─ Style ComboBox (KindOptions → KindIndex: Radial Ring / Touch Grid)
            ├─ Host Input ComboBox (HostOptions → SelectedHost)
            │   + Record button (MenuHostRecordCommand from the TabItem DataContext,
            │     glyph = HostRecordIcon) + Reset (ResetHostCommand)
            ├─ Host Input caption (Menu_HostInput_Caption, always shown)
            ├─ Custom X / Custom Y steer-axis rows (visible on IsCustomHost,
            │   ResetCustomXCommand / ResetCustomYCommand)
            ├─ Click Input row (visible on IsCustomHost, ResetClickCommand)
            ├─ Pad Half ComboBox (HostHalfOptions → HostHalfIndex,
            │   visible on HostIsTouchpad)
            ├─ Fire Mode ComboBox (FireOptions → FireTypeIndex) + Reset
            ├─ Cells NumberBox (1-20 → CellCount)
            │   + Center Cell CheckBox (HasCenter, radial only) + Reset
            ├─ Engage Deadzone Slider + NumberBox (1-95 → EngageDeadzonePercent) + Reset
            ├─ Menu Overlay geometry card (CardBorder, header + ResetGeometryCommand)
            │   ├─ Show Labels CheckBox (ShowLabels)
            │   ├─ Screen Position NumberBox pair (0-100 → PosXPercent / PosYPercent)
            │   ├─ Size NumberBox (10-400 → ScalePercent) + "%"
            │   └─ Opacity NumberBox (5-100 → OpacityPercent) + "%"
            ├─ Cell Bindings ItemsControl (Cells)
            │   └─ per cell: Header + icon indicator (IconImage, or the E8B9
            │       picture glyph on ShowIconGlyph) + Label TextBox (LostFocus)
            │       + Binding ComboBox (BindingKindOptions → BindingKind)
            │       + key picker (KeyOptions → SelectedKeyVk, visible on ShowKeyPicker)
            │       OR button picker (ButtonOptions → SelectedButtonFlag,
            │          visible on ShowButtonPicker)
            │       OR macro picker (MacroOptions → SelectedMacroName,
            │          visible on ShowMacroPicker, #390)
            │       + Choose Icon button (EB9F, MenuCellChooseIcon_Click, #390)
            │       + Reset (ResetCellCommand)
            └─ Icon Packages card (CardBorder, EB9F glyph, #390)
                ├─ Pad_Menus_IconPackages_Header + description
                ├─ Add (IconPackageAdd_Click) / Create (IconPackageCreate_Click) /
                │   Remove (IconPackageRemove_Click) buttons
                ├─ IconPackagesEmptyText (Pad_Menus_IconPackages_Empty)
                └─ IconPackagesList ListBox (MaxHeight 170, EmberSelectListItem,
                    per row: EB9F glyph + Name + Path)

Every setting row carries the canonical Reset button, and the host row carries Record too (the Aim Engage cluster shape). The record button binds MenuHostRecordCommand on the PadViewModel through the TabItem's DataContext because the editor panel's own DataContext is the selected MenuEditorItem.

The four cell pickers each use ComboBoxWidthBehavior.SizeToItems with a per-column WidthGroup (MenuCellKindCombos, MenuCellKeyCombos, MenuCellButtonCombos, MenuCellMacroCombos), so rows stay in column across selections and long locales do not clip.

Icon Packages block (#390). Takes the Sound Packages card's shape. A pack is one zip file with the .pficons extension holding image entries plus an optional manifest.json display name (PadForge.App/Common/IconPackageManager.cs). PadForge never extracts a pack: importing one registers its path, and cells reference entries as pficon://PackName/entry.png beside loose image paths and Steam binding-icon names. The list and its empty-state text are filled from code-behind (RefreshIconPackages sets IconPackagesList.ItemsSource from IconPackageManager.Packages), and IconPackageManager.RegistryChanged re-runs it.

HIDMaestro Profile Bar

HMaestroProfileBar is a ChipGhost preset chip inline in tier 1, shown for Xbox, PlayStation, and Nintendo slots. Its visibility is HasHMaestroProfileBar && !isExtended. HasHMaestroProfileBar is true for Xbox, PlayStation, Nintendo, and Extended, but Extended slots hide this compact chip and use the separate ExtendedConfigBar (with its own ExtendedProfileCombo) instead. It contains the profile picker only:

Control	AutomationId	Binding
Profile ComboBox	HMaestroProfileCombo	ProfileId, items from AvailableProfiles (HMaestro profile catalog)

The profile drives identity (VID/PID/product string) and layout (axes/buttons/POVs/touchpad/rumble) for the HM virtual.

Extended Config Bar

ExtendedConfigBar is shown when OutputType == Extended. Stacked rows:

Row	Controls	Notes
1	ExtendedProfileCombo + ExtendedImportBtn	Profile picker (same AvailableProfiles source) plus Import-From-Device
2	ExtendedCustomizeChk + ExtendedResetDefaultsBtn	Master toggle for the rows below. Reset reverts to catalog defaults
3	ExtendedProductStringBox, ExtendedOemOverrideChk, ExtendedVidBox, ExtendedPidBox	Identity overrides
4	RawStickCountBox, ExtendedTriggerCountBox, RawPovCountBox, RawButtonCountBox, ExtendedForceFeedbackChk	Layout overrides. The count boxes kept their v2 Raw* names except triggers

Override rows 3 and 4 are gated by IsChecked={ElementName=ExtendedCustomizeChk}, so toggling Customize off restores the catalog profile as-is. _syncingExtendedConfig guard prevents recursive updates inside SyncExtendedConfigBar().

MIDI Config Bar

Visible when OutputType == Midi. Centered horizontal StackPanel:

Control	Binding	Range
Channel TextBox	MidiConfig.Channel	1-16
CC Count TextBox	MidiConfig.CcCount	0 to 128 − StartCc (clamped against StartCc)
Start CC TextBox	MidiConfig.StartCc	0-127
Note Count TextBox	MidiConfig.NoteCount	0 to 128 − StartNote (clamped against StartNote)
Start Note TextBox	MidiConfig.StartNote	0-127
Velocity TextBox	MidiConfig.Velocity	0-127

All fields have tooltips. _syncingMidiConfig guard prevents recursive updates. When CC/Note counts or start numbers change, vm.RebuildMappings() regenerates mapping rows.

Copy From Dialog

Opens CopyFromDialog. Picking a source slot copies the whole mapping table plus every assigned device's tuning (deadzones, sensitivity, FFB, impulse triggers, adaptive triggers, lighting, gyro, TouchpadSettings) into the target slot. Each source device matches a target device by InstanceGuid first, then ProductGuid as a fallback for the same controller model on a different physical unit. Target devices without a source-side match are left alone.

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DevicesPage

Files: DevicesPage.xaml, DevicesPage.xaml.cs

All detected input devices with raw input state visualization.

Layout Structure

Grid (Margin="24,16")
├─ Row 0 (Auto): Header
│   ├─ Icon (E772) + Title
│   ├─ Refresh Button (E72C, RefreshCommand)
│   ├─ Pair Button (E702, PairCommand → PairDeviceDialog)
│   └─ Online/Total count display (telemetry mono)
└─ Row 1 (*): Main content (Grid, 2 columns)
    ├─ Col 0 (*): Facet chips + device card ListBox + drag-assign hint
    │   ├─ Row 0: Type facet chips (ALL / GAMEPAD / JOYSTICK / WHEEL / KEYBOARD /
    │   │    MOUSE / OTHER, MouseLeftButtonUp="FacetChip_Click", count per chip)
    │   ├─ Row 1: ListBoxItem with custom ControlTemplate (4px accent left bar on selection)
    │   │   └─ Card Border (CornerRadius=8, Padding="12,10")
    │   │       ├─ Row 0, Col 0: LivenessFlame Path + DeviceName (SemiBold, 13px)
    │   │       ├─ Row 0-1, Col 1: Slot badges (WrapPanel of numbered badges).
    │   │       │    No badges means unassigned. There is no fallback pill
    │   │       ├─ Row 0-1, Col 2: Remove device Button (E711 × icon)
    │   │       └─ Row 1: DeviceType + VID:PID + CapabilitiesSummary
    │   └─ Row 2: Devices_DragAssignHint text
    └─ Col 1 (340px): Detail panel (Border with ScrollViewer)
        ├─ DeviceName headline (CardTitle, wrapping)
        ├─ Device Dossier (#175 competitor item 7): eyebrow + copy Button
        │   (CopyDossier_Click, E8C8) over a recessed telemetry-mono card whose
        │   token rows run PRODUCT / TYPE / CAPS / APP GUID / SDL GUID /
        │   PATH (HidHideInstancePath) / PATH (DossierConnectionPath) / VID:PID /
        │   LINK / SERIAL / BATT. Rows whose fact is absent collapse. LINK reads
        │   "BT" and shows only on IsBluetoothLink
        ├─ Capability chip strip (HasCapabilityIcons): rumble (E877, doubles as the
        │   identify button via IdentifyChip_Click, #293), gyro (E7AD), touchpad (EFA5)
        ├─ Submit Mapping Button (joysticks only, opens GitHub issue template)
        ├─ Register / Manage NFC Tags Button (RegisterNfcTag_Click, ShowRegisterNfcTag, #150)
        ├─ Manage Voice Macros Button (ManageVoicePhrases_Click, ShowManageVoicePhrases, #317)
        ├─ Learn Handheld Buttons Button (LearnHandheldButton_Click,
        │   ShowLearnHandheldButton, #343) + HandheldDaemonWarning line
        ├─ HeadTrackerStatus line (#355, collapsed when empty)
        ├─ Separator
        ├─ VC Assignment section
        │   └─ WrapPanel of ToggleButtons (ActiveSlotItems, ToggleSlotCommand)
        ├─ Input Mode section (ShowInputModeSection)
        │   └─ "Force raw joystick mode" CheckBox (ForceRawJoystickMode)
        ├─ Input Hiding section (ShowInputHidingSection)
        │   ├─ "Hide from games (HidHide)" CheckBox (HidHideEnabled, HidingToggle_Click)
        │   └─ "Consume mapped inputs" CheckBox (ConsumeInputEnabled, ShowConsumeToggle)
        ├─ Separator (ShowInputModeOrHidingSection)
        ├─ Power section (ShowPowerSection)
        │   ├─ Idle Disconnect minutes TextBox (IdleDisconnectMinutes,
        │   │   ShowIdleDisconnect, #162)
        │   └─ Quick Charge CheckBox (QuickChargeEnabled, ShowQuickCharge,
        │       QuickCharge_Click, #372)
        ├─ Separator (ShowRawInputDivider)
        └─ Raw Input State section
            ├─ Axes (joysticks/gamepads, hidden for keyboard/mouse)
            │   └─ ItemsControl → ProgressBar per axis (0-1, name + bar + raw value)
            ├─ Buttons (joysticks/gamepads, hidden for keyboard/mouse)
            │   └─ WrapPanel of 24×24 circles, accent fill when pressed
            ├─ NFC named-tag preview (#150, IsNfcDevice)
            │   └─ ItemsControl → NfcTags (registered named tags)
            ├─ Consumer Control named-chip preview (#168, IsConsumerDevice)
            │   └─ ItemsControl → ConsumerButtons (named button chips)
            ├─ Keyboard layout (keyboard devices only)
            │   └─ Viewbox → Canvas (556×136) with positioned key Borders
            ├─ Mouse preview (mouse devices only)
            │   └─ Viewbox → MousePreviewControl
            ├─ MIDI preview (MIDI input devices)
            │   └─ MidiPreviewView ×2 (MidiNotesPreview, MidiCcPreview)
            ├─ D-Pad / POV hats (conditional on RawPovs.Count > 0)
            │   └─ Horizontal StackPanel of compass indicators
            │       ├─ 36×36 Ellipse background + center dot
            │       └─ Accent-colored Line with RotateTransform(AngleDegrees), hidden when IsCentered
            ├─ Gyroscope (HasGyroData, 3-column X/Y/Z grid, telemetry mono F3 format)
            ├─ Accelerometer (HasAccelData, same layout as gyro)
            ├─ Aux Accelerometer (HasAccelAuxData, same layout, the Nunchuk sensor / combined pair's left-half accel, #199)
            ├─ Aux Gyro (HasGyroAuxData, same layout, the combined pair's left Joy-Con, #252)
            ├─ Touchpad preview (HasTouchpadData, up to 5 contact dots per pad,
            │   TouchpadPreviewBorder, plus Touchpad2PreviewBorder on HasSecondTouchpadData)
            ├─ Handheld hidden buttons (#343, IsHandheldDevice)
            │   └─ Learned button chips, or the Handheld_NoneLearned line
            └─ Voice phrases (#317, ShowVoicePhrases)
                └─ ItemsControl → VoicePhrases (registered phrase chips)

Key Bindings

Binding	ViewModel	Description
Devices	DevicesViewModel	Device list collection
SelectedDevice	DevicesViewModel	Currently selected device row
HasSelectedDevice	DevicesViewModel	Controls detail panel visibility
OnlineCount / TotalCount	DevicesViewModel	Header device counts
RefreshCommand	DevicesViewModel	Refresh button
ActiveSlotItems	DevicesViewModel	Slot toggle button items
ToggleSlotCommand	DevicesViewModel	Toggle device-to-slot assignment
RemoveDeviceCommand	DevicesViewModel	Remove device from list
SelectedFacet	DevicesViewModel	Active type facet chip. FacetCountGamepad and friends fill the per-chip counts

Device Card Bindings (DeviceRowViewModel)

Binding	Description
IsOnline	Drives a LivenessFlame Path (fills EmberBrush with a glow when online, LivenessFlameBase outline stroke when offline). The device-name text also dims when offline.
DeviceName	Bold device name
SlotBadges	Collection of slot assignment badges. Absence of badges encodes unassigned (#175 phase 2 item 9 removed the IsUnassigned flag and its gray fallback pill)
DeviceType	Type string
VendorIdHex / ProductIdHex	Hex VID:PID
CapabilitiesSummary	e.g. "6 axes, 11 buttons, 1 POV"
BatteryGlyph / BatteryText	Battery indicator (#167): Segoe MDL2 Assets glyph + "78%", hidden when HasBattery is false

Detail Panel Bindings (SelectedDevice)

Binding	Description
DeviceName, ProductName, DeviceType	Device identity (dossier PRODUCT / TYPE rows)
CapabilitiesSummary	Dossier CAPS row
InstanceGuid	Dossier APP GUID row
SdlGuid, DossierConnectionPath, SerialNumber	Dossier SDL GUID / LINK / SERIAL rows, each collapsed via StringToVisibility when empty
HidHideInstancePath	Dossier PATH row (conditional visibility via StringToVisibility)
ShowSubmitMapping	Submit mapping button visibility (joysticks only)
ShowInputModeSection	Input Mode section visibility (IsGamepad && !IsInternalVirtual)
ShowInputHidingSection	Input Hiding section visibility (!IsInternalVirtual)
ForceRawJoystickMode	Force raw toggle
IsHidHideAvailable	Enables/disables HidHide checkbox
HidHideEnabled	HidHide toggle
ShowConsumeToggle	Consume toggle visibility (mouse/keyboard devices)
ConsumeInputEnabled	Consume toggle
ShowPowerSection	Power section visibility. True when either row below draws
ShowIdleDisconnect / IdleDisconnectMinutes	Idle-disconnect row visibility and its countdown minutes (#162)
ShowQuickCharge / QuickChargeEnabled	Quick Charge row visibility and toggle (#372). Also true on a Sony record the USB cable rebound to its wired path, which is not a disconnect target and is exactly when the feature fires
ShowInputModeOrHidingSection / ShowRawInputDivider	The two conditional separators around the Power section
HasCapabilityIcons / HasRumble / HasGyro / ShowTouchpadCapability	Capability chip strip and its three chips
ShowLearnHandheldButton / HandheldDaemonWarning / HasHandheldDaemonWarning	Learn Handheld Buttons button and the vendor-daemon notice (#343)
ShowRegisterNfcTag	Register/Manage NFC Tags button visibility (#150)
ShowManageVoicePhrases	Manage Voice Macros button visibility (#317): a standalone microphone row, or a DualSense / DualSense Edge over Bluetooth where the pad itself carries the phrases. Never for a peer:// path, since recognition runs on the owner
RawAxes	Axis ProgressBar items
RawButtons	Button circle items
IsKeyboardDevice / IsMouseDevice	Switches between button circles, keyboard canvas, or mouse graphic
KeyboardKeys	QWERTY keyboard layout items
RawPovs	POV compass items
HasGyroData / HasAccelData / HasAccelAuxData / HasGyroAuxData	Gyro / accel / aux-accel / aux-gyro section visibility
GyroX/Y/Z / AccelX/Y/Z / AccelAuxX/Y/Z	Motion sensor values (aux accel is #199, aux gyro is #252)
HasTouchpadData / HasSecondTouchpadData / TouchpadLabel	Touchpad preview visibility for each pad, and the caption

The raw-state rows above bind to the page DataContext (DevicesViewModel), which republishes the selected device's live state. The NFC, Voice, Consumer, and handheld previews do the same: IsNfcDevice / NfcTags, ShowVoicePhrases / VoicePhrases (#317, the voice twin of the NFC tag rows), IsConsumerDevice / ConsumerButtons, and IsHandheldDevice (#343). HeadTrackerStatus is page-scoped too. Everything under the dossier and the sections below it, including ShowRegisterNfcTag, ShowQuickCharge, and IdleDisconnectMinutes, is SelectedDevice-scoped and binds through the SelectedDevice. prefix.

Selection Highlighting

Custom ListBoxItem ControlTemplate: - SelectionBar. 4px Border with accent brush on left edge, CornerRadius="2". - Toggled by IsSelected trigger. - Content offset 6px right to accommodate the bar.

Event Handlers (Code-Behind)

Handler	Trigger	Action
RemoveDevice_Click	Button.Click	Selects device, executes RemoveDeviceCommand
FacetChip_Click	Border.MouseLeftButtonUp	Sets SelectedFacet from the chip's Tag, filtering the device list
HidingToggle_Click	CheckBox.Click	Shows warning flyout for mouse/keyboard enable, clears LastRawStateDeviceGuid for rebuild, calls NotifyDeviceHidingChanged
ShowHidingWarningFlyout	(internal)	WPF UI Flyout with warning icon, message, Proceed/Cancel buttons. Reverts checkbox immediately, re-checks only on Proceed.
SubmitMapping_Click	Button.Click	Opens browser to GitHub issue template with device info pre-filled
CopyDossier_Click	Button.Click	Copies the device dossier's token rows to the clipboard
RegisterNfcTag_Click	Button.Click	Opens RegisterNfcTagDialog for the selected NFC reader (#150)
ManageVoicePhrases_Click	Button.Click	Opens RegisterVoicePhraseDialog for the selected microphone-carrying device (#317)
LearnHandheldButton_Click	Button.Click	Opens LearnHandheldButtonDialog for the machine's hidden buttons (#343)
IdentifyChip_Click	Border.MouseLeftButtonUp	Forwards to IdentifyDevice_Click, which calls InputService.IdentifyDevice(SelectedDevice.InstanceGuid) to vibrate the pad (#293)
QuickCharge_Click	CheckBox.Click	Persists the Quick Charge toggle. Click, not Checked, so the binding-driven refresh on a selection change never writes (#372)
IdleDisconnect_LostFocus	TextBox.LostFocus	Applies the clamped idle-disconnect minutes (#162)
DeviceCard_MouseDown	PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown	Records drag start position. Skips if inside a Button
DeviceCard_MouseMove	PreviewMouseMove	Initiates DragDrop.DoDragDrop with DeviceInstanceGuid data when threshold exceeded
DeviceCard_MouseUp	PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp	Resets drag state

Device Drag to Sidebar

Device cards support drag via mouse events. Drag data is a DataObject with key "DeviceInstanceGuid" and value device.InstanceGuid. Drop on a sidebar controller card assigns the device to that slot.

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KBMPreviewView

Files: KBMPreviewView.xaml, KBMPreviewView.xaml.cs

Keyboard and mouse preview for Keyboard+Mouse virtual controller slots, shown on the PadPage Preview tab.

Layout

Two horizontal Canvas areas:

• KeyboardCanvas. QWERTY layout built from KeyboardKeyItem.BuildLayout(). Each key is a Border + TextBlock, absolutely positioned. Keys highlight with accent color when pressed in the output state.
• MouseCanvas. Stylized mouse graphic: contoured LMB/RMB paths, scroll wheel pill, movement circle with deflection dot, scroll arrows, and X1/X2 side buttons.

Interaction

All elements are clickable for click-to-record. Fires ControllerElementRecordRequested with the target name (e.g., KbmKey41, KbmMBtn0, KbmMouseX). Hover highlights use ember (HoverBrush #FFA24D). Recording targets flash at 400ms with orange (FlashBrush #FFA500). Pressed keys light ember (KeyPressedBrush #FF6B2C).

Rendering

Uses CompositionTarget.Rendering with a _dirty flag. Per frame: - Keyboard keys: reads KbmOutputSnapshot.GetKey() per VK index, sets accent background on pressed keys. - Mouse buttons: reads GetMouseButton() for LMB/RMB/MMB/X1/X2. - Movement dot: maps MouseDeltaX/MouseDeltaY to deflection within the movement circle. - Scroll arrows: lights up/down arrows based on ScrollDelta sign.

Theme-Aware Brushes

Pre-cached static readonly dark and light brush variants for key backgrounds, borders, and text. The full set is rebuilt on theme change, avoiding per-frame DynamicResource lookups.

Tooltip Helper

MappingLabel() resolves target setting names to human-readable labels from the mapping table, falling back to the raw name. X1/X2 side button Rectangle elements are promoted to named fields for flash support.

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MidiPreviewView

Files: MidiPreviewView.xaml, MidiPreviewView.xaml.cs

MIDI note and CC visualization for MIDI virtual controller slots, shown on the PadPage Preview tab. The same control serves the Devices page twice (MidiNotesPreview, MidiCcPreview) for a physical MIDI input device's raw state.

Layout

Single Canvas (MidiCanvas), rebuilt when MidiSlotConfig properties change (start note, note count, start CC, CC count):

• CC Sliders. Vertical bars, one per CC. Background rectangle + fill rectangle proportional to value (0-127) + CC number label.
• Piano Keyboard. Standard chromatic layout: white keys full-height underneath, black keys shorter on top (higher Z-index). White keys show note name + octave (e.g., "C4", "D4").

Interaction

CC sliders and piano keys are clickable for click-to-record (fires ControllerElementRecordRequested with MidiCC{index} or MidiNote{index}). Hover highlights and 400ms flash timer match other preview views.

Rendering

Uses CompositionTarget.Rendering with a _dirty flag. Per frame: - CC sliders: reads MidiOutputSnapshot.CcValues[], scales fill height to 0-100%. - Piano keys: reads MidiOutputSnapshot.Notes[] boolean array, applies the pressed brush (ember-hot #FFA24D for white keys, ember-deep #C43D0C for black keys) on active notes.

Theme-Aware Brushes

Pre-cached static readonly dark and light brush variants for CC bar fills, piano key surfaces, and label text. Rebuilt on theme change to avoid per-frame DynamicResource overhead.

Layout Rebuild

The entire canvas is cleared and rebuilt on any MidiSlotConfig property change. No partial layout updates.

---

VRPreviewView

Files: VRPreviewView.xaml, VRPreviewView.xaml.cs

Live preview for a VR slot (#49), shown on the PadPage Preview tab. One VR slot drives both SteamVR hands, so the art is the pair side by side rather than a single controller body.

Layout

Viewbox over a single Canvas (VrCanvas), built once on Loaded from the 2D art in 2DModels/VRCONTROLLER/. Base art is 975×726, and the twelve elements are positioned in those pixels:

Element	Targets
VRController_L_Stick / _R_Stick	VrLStick / VrRStick (click plus four directions)
VRController_L_A / _R_A	VrLA / VrRA (inner press disc, outer touch ring)
VRController_L_B / _R_B	VrLB / VrRB
VRController_L_System / _R_System	VrLSystem / VrRSystem (single-target)
VRController_L_Trigger / _R_Trigger	VrLTrigger / VrRTrigger (body axis, tip band click)
VRController_L_Grip / _R_Grip	VrLGrip / VrRGrip

Rendering

Element tinting follows the Rectangle + ImageBrush OpacityMask idiom the branded 2D packs use: the cutout supplies the shape and one brush supplies the color, so lit, hover, and flash all drive the same layer. Triggers and grips fill bottom-up through a RectangleGeometry clip rather than scaling opacity. Stick caps translate up to 14px with deflection, and the stick's tint layer and region highlight share that transform. Frames come from CompositionTarget.Rendering against a cached VrRawState.

Interaction

Same click-to-record contract as the other previews, including Bind(vm) / Unbind() and ControllerElementRecordRequested. Every element except System carries more than one target, so each one gets a region highlight: the element's own overlay clipped to the region under the pointer, at the drawn packs' 0.4 hover opacity.

---

MousePreviewControl

Files: MousePreviewControl.xaml, MousePreviewControl.xaml.cs

Read-only mouse graphic for mouse-type devices on the Devices page detail pane.

Layout

Built once on Loaded into Canvas (MouseCanvas). Same mouse shape as KBMPreviewView but without click-to-record:

• LMB/RMB. Contoured Path elements flanking the scroll wheel.
• Scroll wheel. Rounded Rectangle between buttons, with up/down arrow Polygon indicators.
• Movement circle. Ellipse with deflection dot tracking live mouse delta.
• X1/X2 side buttons. Small Rectangle elements on the left edge.

Theme-Aware Brushes

Pre-cached static readonly dark and light brush variants for mouse body, button fills, and indicator colors. Rebuilt on theme change, consistent with KBMPreviewView and MidiPreviewView.

Rendering

Uses CompositionTarget.Rendering (no dirty flag. Every frame). Reads from DevicesViewModel: - Buttons: RawButtons[0..4].IsPressed mapped to LMB, MMB, RMB, X1, X2. - Movement: MouseMotionX/MouseMotionY (normalized) to dot deflection. - Scroll: MouseScrollIntensity drives arrow fill, opacity, and scale. Arrows grow and brighten with scroll magnitude.

---

SettingsPage

Files: SettingsPage.xaml, SettingsPage.xaml.cs

Application settings in vertical CardBorder sections.

Card order is pinned by Settings_CardsRunInTheDecidedOrder in PadForge.Tests/PageOrderContractTests.cs, which asserts each card title's binding appears once and after the one before it.

Layout Structure

ScrollViewer (Padding="24,0")
  └─ StackPanel (Margin="0,16,0,16")
      ├─ Page header (E713 gear icon + title)
      ├─ Language card (CardBorder)
      │   ├─ Icon F2B7 + "Language" title + description
      │   └─ ComboBox (AvailableLanguages, DisplayMemberPath="NativeName", Width=250)
      ├─ Appearance card
      │   ├─ Icon E790 + "Appearance" title + description
      │   ├─ "Theme" label
      │   ├─ ComboBox (System Default / Light / Dark, SelectedIndex=SelectedThemeIndex)
      │   └─ "Show Tour" Button (Settings_ShowTour, ShowTour_Click) → re-runs the first-run spotlight tour
      ├─ Window card
      │   ├─ Icon E737 + title + description
      │   ├─ Minimize to tray (MinimizeToTray)
      │   ├─ Start minimized (StartMinimized)
      │   └─ Start at login (StartAtLogin)
      ├─ Input Engine card
      │   ├─ Icon E9F5 + title + description
      │   ├─ Auto-start toggle (AutoStartEngine)
      │   ├─ Background polling toggle (EnablePollingOnFocusLoss)
      │   ├─ Polling interval: NumberBox 1-16ms (PollingRateMs) + "ms"
      │   ├─ PollingOverrideNote (ember, shown only while the active profile
      │   │   overrides the global value, #365)
      │   └─ HM inactivity timeout: NumberBox 0-3600s
      │      (HmInactivityDestroyTimeoutSeconds, 0 = never)
      ├─ Assignment Prompts card
      │   ├─ Icon E8DE + title + description
      │   ├─ Offer on a new device (AssignOfferNewDevice)
      │   └─ Offer on an empty slot (AssignOfferEmptySlot)
      ├─ Handheld PC Buttons card (#343)
      │   ├─ Icon E7F8 + title + description
      │   └─ Enable toggle (HandheldButtonsEnabled). On, the Devices page gains
      │      the machine's Hidden Buttons row and its System Motion row
      ├─ Battery Alerts card (#293)
      │   ├─ Icon E83F + title + description
      │   ├─ "Notify When Battery Runs Low" toggle (BatteryNotifyEnabled)
      │   ├─ "Notify at or Below" NumberBox 5-50 % (BatteryNotifyThreshold)
      │   ├─ "Also Vibrate the Controller" toggle (BatteryNotifyVibrate)
      │   └─ "Test Notification" Button (TestBatteryNotify_Click)
      ├─ HidHide Driver card
      │   ├─ Icon ED1A + title + description
      │   ├─ Status: flame + HidHideStatusText + HidHideVersion
      │   ├─ Install/Uninstall buttons (visibility-toggled by IsHidHideInstalled)
      │   ├─ Hide devices toggle (EnableInputHiding)
      │   ├─ Keep cloaks between launches toggle (KeepHidHideCloaksBetweenLaunches)
      │   └─ Whitelist section (only when installed):
      │       ├─ Title + description
      │       ├─ ListBox of HidHideWhitelistPaths (Consolas, 12px)
      │       └─ Add/Remove buttons
      ├─ HIDMaestro Driver card
      │   ├─ Icon E7FC + title + description
      │   └─ Status: always-lit ember flame + "Installed" + HIDMaestroVersion (no Install/Uninstall
      │      buttons, because HIDMaestro is embedded in the binary)
      ├─ Windows MIDI Services card
      │   ├─ Icon E8D6 + title + description
      │   ├─ Status: flame + MidiServicesStatusText + MidiServicesVersion
      │   └─ Install/Uninstall buttons (Install disabled tooltip when MidiOsSupported=False)
      ├─ SteamVR card (#49)
      │   ├─ Icon F119 + title + description
      │   ├─ Status: flame + IsSteamVrInstalled state
      │   ├─ Install directory TextBox + Browse button (SteamVrBrowse_Click → SteamVrInstallDir)
      │   └─ Install/Uninstall buttons (InstallSteamVrCommand / UninstallSteamVrCommand)
      ├─ Community Configs card (#9)
      │   ├─ Icon E716 (EmberBrush) + title + description (the endpoint / privacy statement)
      │   ├─ Enable Community Configs checkbox (EnableCommunityConfigLookup)
      │   ├─ Show Legacy Workshop Configs checkbox (ShowLegacyWorkshopConfigs, visible only when enabled)
      │   └─ Clear Cached Configs + Check Imported Profiles for Updates buttons
      ├─ Settings File card
      │   ├─ Icon E8A5 + title + description
      │   ├─ SettingsFilePath (Consolas, wrapping)
      │   ├─ Save / Reload / Reset to Defaults / Open Folder buttons
      │   └─ "Unsaved changes" warning (orange, HasUnsavedChanges)
      └─ Diagnostics card
          ├─ Icon E9D9 + title + description
          ├─ Grid (140px label + value):
          │   ├─ App Version (ApplicationVersion)
          │   ├─ .NET Runtime (RuntimeVersion)
          │   └─ SDL Version (SdlVersion)
          ├─ "Keep a Diagnostics Log" toggle (DiagnosticsLoggingEnabled) (#303)
          ├─ Log folder path readout (DiagnosticsFolderPath)
          └─ "Save Snapshot" + "Open Log Folder" buttons (SaveDiagSnapshot_Click / OpenDiagFolder_Click)

Key Bindings

Binding	Target	Description
AvailableLanguages	ComboBox ItemsSource	Language options with NativeName display
SelectedLanguage	ComboBox SelectedItem	Current language
SelectedThemeIndex	ComboBox SelectedIndex	0=System, 1=Light, 2=Dark
AutoStartEngine	CheckBox	Auto-start engine on launch
EnablePollingOnFocusLoss	CheckBox	Continue polling when app loses focus
PollingRateMs	NumberBox (1-16)	Polling interval in ms
HmInactivityDestroyTimeoutSeconds	NumberBox (0-3600)	Seconds of device inactivity before the VC is torn down. 0 means never
EnableInputHiding	CheckBox	Master input hiding toggle (HidHide card)
KeepHidHideCloaksBetweenLaunches	CheckBox	Leave cloaks in place across app restarts
MinimizeToTray	CheckBox	Minimize to system tray
StartMinimized	CheckBox	Start app minimized
StartAtLogin	CheckBox	Start at Windows login
BatteryNotifyEnabled / BatteryNotifyThreshold / BatteryNotifyVibrate	CheckBox, NumberBox (5-50), CheckBox	Battery Alerts card: low-battery toast on/off, the percent threshold, and the optional controller vibration (#293)
IsHidHideInstalled	bool	Controls status flame, button visibility, whitelist section
InstallHidHideCommand / UninstallHidHideCommand	ICommand	Driver install/uninstall
HidHideWhitelistPaths	Collection	Whitelist ListBox items
SelectedWhitelistPath	object	Selected whitelist item
AddWhitelistPathCommand / RemoveWhitelistPathCommand	ICommand	Whitelist management
IsMidiServicesInstalled / MidiOsSupported	bool	MIDI Services status. Controls Install button visibility and disabled-tooltip. MidiOsSupported is the instance forwarder of the static IsMidiOsSupported, which a Binding cannot reach
IsSteamVrInstalled / IsSteamVrOwned / SteamVrInstallDir	bool, bool, string	SteamVR card status, whether PadForge created the Steam-free install, and its directory (#49)
InstallSteamVrCommand / UninstallSteamVrCommand	ICommand	SteamVR install/uninstall
SaveCommand / ReloadCommand / ResetCommand / OpenSettingsFolderCommand	ICommand	Settings file operations
EnableCommunityConfigLookup / ShowLegacyWorkshopConfigs	CheckBox	Steam Workshop opt-in + legacy sub-toggle (#9)
ClearWorkshopCacheCommand / CheckWorkshopUpdatesCommand	ICommand	Workshop cache clear and imported-profile update check
HasUnsavedChanges	bool	Orange warning visibility
DiagnosticsLoggingEnabled / DiagnosticsFolderPath	CheckBox, string	Diagnostics card: continuous engine-event log toggle and the folder it writes to (#303)

Code-Behind

Five handlers beyond the constructor. Everything else lives in the ViewModel.

Handler	Trigger	Action
TestBatteryNotify_Click	Battery Alerts card button	Calls InputService.TestBatteryNotification() to fire the low-battery pipeline with a synthetic event (#293)
SaveDiagSnapshot_Click	Diagnostics card button	DiagnosticsLogControl.SaveSnapshot() dumps the in-memory engine event ring to a timestamped file and selects it in Explorer (#303)
OpenDiagFolder_Click	Diagnostics card button	Creates the diagnostics folder if needed and opens it in Explorer (#303)
ShowTour_Click	Appearance card button	Calls MainWindow.StartFirstRunTour() to re-run the welcome tour (#175)
SteamVrBrowse_Click	SteamVR card button	OpenFolderDialog for the Steam-free SteamVR install directory, writes SettingsViewModel.SteamVrInstallDir (#49)

---

ProfilesPage

Files: ProfilesPage.xaml, ProfilesPage.xaml.cs

Per-app profile management.

Layout Structure

ScrollViewer (Padding="24,0")
  └─ StackPanel (Margin="0,16,0,16")
      ├─ Page header (E8F1 people icon + title)
      └─ CardBorder
          ├─ Icon E8B7 + "Management" title + description
          ├─ Auto-switch CheckBox (EnableAutoProfileSwitching)
          ├─ FOREGROUND live readout (visible only while auto-switch is on):
          │   mono token + lit flame when IsForegroundMatched + ForegroundExeName,
          │   plus the no-rules hint when NoProfileHasExecutables
          ├─ External Control CheckBox (EnableExternalControl, #366), off by default
          ├─ Drop-zone Grid (AllowDrop, ProfileList_DragEnter/DragOver/DragLeave/Drop
          │   for .pfprofile import, ProfileDropOverlay cue)
          │   └─ Profile card ListBox (ProfileListBox, WrapPanel of steel cards,
          │       MinHeight=92, MaxHeight=452, MouseDoubleClick loads)
          │       └─ ItemTemplate:
          │           ├─ Profile Name (SemiBold) + "Built in" tag on the default
          │           ├─ Executable names (FirstExecutableName, SecondExecutableName,
          │           │   ExtraExecutablesSuffix, each collapsed when empty)
          │           └─ Type count badges (horizontal StackPanel):
          │               ├─ Xbox badge: Xbox SVG + XboxCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ PlayStation badge: PS SVG + PlayStationCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ Extended badge: Joystick SVG + ExtendedCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ MIDI badge: E8D6 glyph + MidiCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ KB+M badge: E961 glyph + KbmCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ Nintendo badge: Switch SVG + NintendoCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               ├─ VR badge: F119 glyph + VrCount (collapsed when 0)
          │               └─ "No slots" fallback (visible when HasNoSlots=True)
          └─ Action buttons: New / Save As / Load / Edit / Export / Import /
             Browse Starters / Browse Community / Delete

Key Bindings

Binding	Target	Description
EnableAutoProfileSwitching	CheckBox	Enables foreground app monitoring
EnableExternalControl	CheckBox	Opens the named pipe that lets a launcher or script activate a profile (#366). It sits with the auto-switch and shortcut controls because it is a third way a profile activates, not a global engine service. The SettingsViewModel setter mirrors into SettingsManager.EnableExternalControl, which InputService watches to start or stop ExternalControlService. Switching profiles by hand releases the hold a script placed
ForegroundExeName / IsForegroundMatched / NoProfileHasExecutables	TextBlock, flame, hint	The FOREGROUND live readout. SettingsViewModel.ActiveProfileInfo is set by the services but is not bound on this page. The status bar's ProfilePill carries the active-profile name
ProfileItems	ListBox ItemsSource	Profile list
SelectedProfile	ListBox SelectedItem	Selected profile. SelectedProfile.IsDefault disables Edit and Delete
NewProfileCommand	Button	Create new profile
SaveAsProfileCommand	Button	Save current config as profile
EditProfileCommand	Button	Edit profile name/exes
LoadProfileCommand	Button	Load selected profile
ExportProfileCommand / ImportProfileCommand	Button	.pfprofile export and import
BrowseStarterProfilesCommand	Button	Opens StarterProfilesDialog (#256)
BrowseCommunityConfigsCommand	Button	Opens WorkshopBrowseDialog (#9)
DeleteProfileCommand	Button	Delete selected profile

Profile Item Bindings

Binding	Description
Name	Profile name (SemiBold)
IsDefault	Marks the built-in Default profile. Blocks Edit and Delete
Executables	Comma-separated exe list backing the card. HasExecutables gates the auto-switch hint
FirstExecutableName / SecondExecutableName / ExtraExecutablesSuffix	The card renders at most two exe names plus a "+N more" suffix, each collapsed via StringToVisibility
XboxCount / PlayStationCount / ExtendedCount / MidiCount / KbmCount / NintendoCount / VrCount	Per-type counts (badge collapsed when 0)
HasNoSlots	Shows "No slots" badge when all seven type counts are zero

Controller Shortcuts Card

Added below the profile management card. Provides per-shortcut combo recording and mode selection.

CardBorder (Margin="0,20,0,0")
  └─ StackPanel
      ├─ Icon E71B + "Shortcuts" title + description
      ├─ ItemsControl (ItemsSource="{Binding ProfileShortcuts}")
      │   └─ ItemTemplate (Grid, 5 columns):
      │       ├─ Col 0: Mode ComboBox (SwitchModes: Next / Previous / Specific /
      │       │    ToggleWindow / ToggleVCsDisabled, Width=290)
      │       ├─ Col 1: Profile ComboBox (ProfileChoices, Specific only, Width=140,
      │       │    collapsed otherwise)
      │       ├─ Col 2: Device ComboBox (DeviceChoices, Width=290)
      │       ├─ Col 3: ButtonComboDisplay TextBlock (fills remaining, marquee-enabled)
      │       └─ Col 4: Action buttons (Learn/Clear/Delete)
      │           ├─ Learn: Click="ShortcutLearn_Click", icon toggles Record/Stop
      │           ├─ Clear: Command="{Binding ClearCommand}", icon E75C
      │           └─ Delete: Command="{Binding DeleteCommand}", icon E74D
      └─ "Add Shortcut" Button (Click="AddShortcut_Click")

Event Handlers (Code-Behind)

Handler	Trigger	Action
ProfileList_MouseDoubleClick	ListBox.MouseDoubleClick	Executes LoadProfileCommand
ProfileList_DragEnter / DragOver / DragLeave / Drop	Drop-zone Grid	Accepts a dropped .pfprofile file for import and drives the ProfileDropOverlay cue
ShortcutLearn_Click	Learn button Click	Starts 5-second combo recording for the row's ProfileShortcutViewModel
ProfileChoices_DropDownOpened / DeviceChoices_DropDownOpened	ComboBox.DropDownOpened	Rebuilds the shortcut row's profile and device lists on open
AddShortcut_Click	"Add Shortcut" button Click	Creates a new GlobalMacroData, wraps in ProfileShortcutViewModel, adds to list

Shortcut Recording State (Code-Behind)

Field	Type	Description
_recordingShortcut	ProfileShortcutViewModel	Currently recording shortcut, or null
_recordTimer	DispatcherTimer (33 ms)	Fires RecordTimer_Tick during recording
_lastRecordedEntries	TriggerButtonEntry[]	Entries captured so far (saved on stop)
_recordAxisBaselines	Dictionary<Guid, int[]>	Per-device axis snapshots at record start. Deflections exceeding AxisRecordDeltaThreshold (0.25) register as axis triggers
RecordTimeoutSeconds	const double (5)	Auto-stop timeout

---

ProfileSwitchOverlay

Files: ProfileSwitchOverlay.xaml, ProfileSwitchOverlay.xaml.cs

Win11 volume OSD–style flyout that appears above the taskbar during profile switches. Shows the profile name, then transitions through initializing/active/offline states.

Window Properties

Non-activating, topmost, transparent-background overlay: - WindowStyle="None", AllowsTransparency="True", Topmost="True" - ShowInTaskbar="False", ShowActivated="False", Focusable="False" - WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW applied via SetWindowLong in OnLoaded - WM_MOUSEACTIVATE intercepted to return MA_NOACTIVATE. Clicks pass through

Layout Structure

Grid (ClipToBounds="True")           ← clips slide animation at taskbar edge
  └─ Grid x:Name="FlyoutPanel" (Margin="10,10,10,14")
      ├─ ShadowBorder (CornerRadius=8, DropShadowEffect BlurRadius=15)
      └─ ContentBorder (CornerRadius=8, Background=#2D2E2E, Border=#141516)
          └─ Grid (Margin="16,13,16,13")
              └─ StackPanel (Horizontal)
                  ├─ StatusIcon (Segoe Fluent Icons, 16px)
                  └─ StatusText (Segoe UI Variable Text, 14px)

All color values pixel-measured from the native Win11 volume OSD at 2560x1600 / 150% DPI. Dark and light themes applied dynamically via ApplyTheme() using ApplicationThemeManager.GetAppTheme().

Slide Animation

FlyoutPanel.RenderTransform is a TranslateTransform. The outer Grid uses ClipToBounds="True" to hide the panel while it slides:

Method	Direction	Duration	Easing
SlideIn()	Y: 80 → 0	300 ms	CubicEase (EaseOut)
SlideOut(Action onCompleted)	Y: 0 → 80	250 ms	CubicEase (EaseIn)

SlideIn() snaps _slideTransform.Y = SlideTravel (80) synchronously, then defers the animation to DispatcherPriority.Loaded so WPF does not coalesce start and end values into a single frame.

State Machine

The overlay progresses through up to four phases after ShowProfileName(name) is called:

Profile Name (2s) → Initializing (polling) → Active (2s) → Offline (2s) → Hide
                                                         └─→ Hide (if no offline)

Phase	Icon	Text	Timer
Profile	\uE8F1 (people)	Profile name	_dismissTimer 2 s → start init monitor
Initializing	\uE895 (sync)	"Initializing"	_initMonitorTimer 33 ms polling CheckInitState
Active	\uE73E (checkmark, accent color)	"Forging"	_dismissTimer 2 s → check offline
Offline	\uE7BA (warning, #FFB900 amber)	"One or more controllers offline"	_dismissTimer 2 s → slide out + hide

During the Initializing phase, StatusIcon plays a DoubleAnimation opacity flash (1.0 → 0.3, 600 ms, AutoReverse, RepeatBehavior.Forever).

Public API

Method / Property	Description
CheckInitState	Func<(bool anyInitializing, bool allReady)>. Set by InputService
CheckAnyOffline	Func<bool>. Set by InputService
ShowProfileName(string name)	Resets state, shows profile name, starts the state machine
ShowVCsToggle(bool enabled)	One-shot toast for the master virtual-controller toggle, outside the profile state machine. Checkmark \uE73E in Fluent success green #37C852 when enabled, cancel \uE7E8 in Fluent critical red #E81B1C when disabled, then a 2 s dismiss. Called from InputService.ShowVCsToggleOverlay
StopTimers()	Stops both _dismissTimer and _initMonitorTimer. Called during shutdown

Positioning

ShowFlyout() centers the window horizontally within SystemParameters.WorkArea and positions the bottom edge at WorkArea.Bottom. The 14 px bottom margin on FlyoutPanel provides the gap above the taskbar.

---

AboutPage

Files: AboutPage.xaml, AboutPage.xaml.cs

Application identity, description, technologies, and license.

Layout Structure

ScrollViewer (Padding="24,0")
  └─ StackPanel (Margin="0,16,0,16")
      ├─ Page header (E946 info icon + title)
      ├─ App identity card (centered, 24px padding)
      │   ├─ PadForge-icon.png (120px)
      │   ├─ "PadForge" (28px, Bold, Display face)
      │   ├─ Subtitle (14px)
      │   └─ Tagline (12px)
      ├─ "Testimony" section header (E734 icon)
      ├─ Testimony card (Scripture + doxology, italic)
      ├─ "Overview" section header (E7C3 icon)
      ├─ Description card (wrapping text, line height 22)
      ├─ "Built With" section header (E74C checkmark icon)
      ├─ Technologies card (Grid, 164px label + description, 62 rows):
      │   ├─ .NET 10
      │   ├─ SDL3
      │   ├─ Raw Input
      │   ├─ HIDMaestro
      │   ├─ OpenXInput
      │   ├─ HidHide
      │   ├─ MIDI Services
      │   ├─ HelixToolkit
      │   ├─ WPF UI
      │   ├─ MVVM Toolkit
      │   └─ ...52 more open-source attributions ($Q / GestureSign recognizers, Concentus, NAudio, BouncyCastle, BthPS3, DsHidMini, libusb, SDL_GameControllerDB, JoyShockMapper, SteamKit2, protobuf-net, ZstdSharp, Hitboxer, Dolphin, DS4Windows, WiimoteLib, and others)
      ├─ "License" section header (E8D7 icon)
      └─ License card (12px wrapping text, secondary brush)

The 4.4.0 cycle added ten rows at the tail, Grid.Row 52 through 61: Interhaptics (Wyvrn), Valve Steam Controller CAD, the MinGW-w64 runtime, TritonLib and Steam Controller haptics research, Colore, the Logitech LED SDK references, opentrack, Lenovo Legion Toolkit, InputPlumber, and linuxmotehook / WiimoteHook.

Code-Behind

Constructor only. All text from localized string bindings.

---

Dialog Windows

CopyFromDialog

Files: CopyFromDialog.xaml, CopyFromDialog.xaml.cs

Modal dialog to copy from another slot (FluentWindow, 420x420). Lists one entry per other slot whose mapping table has rows (InputService.SlotHasAnyMapping or the donor PadSetting.HasAnyMapping), plus one entry per unmapped device that still carries a PadSetting with mappings. The target slot itself is skipped. The chosen slot's mapping table is applied wholesale to the target, and every assigned device's per-device tuning carries along through InputService.BuildPerDeviceSettingsSnapshot + ApplyPerDeviceSettingsToSlot, matched by InstanceGuid (perfect round-trip) or ProductGuid (same model, different unit).

ProfileDialog

Files: ProfileDialog.xaml, ProfileDialog.xaml.cs

Modal dialog to create/edit profiles (FluentWindow, 500x470). Fields: profile name, executable list (comma-separated).

StarterProfilesDialog

Files: StarterProfilesDialog.xaml, StarterProfilesDialog.xaml.cs

The bundled starter-profile browser (#256). FluentWindow (700x620, min 560x480) opened from the Profiles page "Browse Starters" button. Picking a starter materializes it as a new profile.

RegisterNfcTagDialog

Files: RegisterNfcTagDialog.xaml, RegisterNfcTagDialog.xaml.cs

Capture-and-name flow for NFC tags (#150). The class extends Wpf.Ui.Controls.FluentWindow (ExtendsContentIntoTitleBar, WindowBackdropType="Mica", 520x520). Opened from the Devices page for an NFC reader. Tapping a tag captures its UID, the user names it, and it is added to NfcTagRegistry, which surfaces it as a bindable named button on the NFC device. The dialog also lists registered tags with a Remove action.

While open, the dialog subscribes to two capture paths: NfcReaderService.TagDetected (from NfcReaderService.Active) for a standalone reader, and NfcTagRegistry.ControllerTagDetected for a controller-borne reader, with NfcTagRegistry.RegistrationCaptureActive raised for the dialog's lifetime. OnTagDetected fires on the reader's monitor thread and marshals to the UI thread via Dispatcher.BeginInvoke before normalizing the UID and enabling RegisterBtn. RegisterButton_Click calls NfcTagRegistry.Register(uid, name), then refreshes the list. Both subscriptions are torn down on Closed.

Element	Binding / Handler	Purpose
StatusText	localized status strings	Tap prompt, captured, or no-reader message
UidText	captured UID (Consolas)	Live UID readout
NameBox	NameBox_KeyDown	Tag name entry. Enter registers
RegisterBtn	RegisterButton_Click	Registers the captured tag
TagListBox	NfcTagRegistry.Tags	Registered tags with per-row Remove (RemoveButton_Click)

LearnHandheldButtonDialog

Files: LearnHandheldButtonDialog.xaml, LearnHandheldButtonDialog.xaml.cs

Learner for a handheld PC's hidden buttons (#343), sharing the NFC dialog's head chrome. FluentWindow (ExtendsContentIntoTitleBar, WindowBackdropType="Mica", 560x640, ResizeMode="NoResize") opened from the Devices page LearnHandheldButton_Click.

A learn run is a three-phase timed pass driven by _phaseTimer over HandheldLearnSession: Idle (the noise floor), Press, then Release, each phase lasting the session's own IdleMs / PressMs / ReleaseMs. FinishLearn reads the candidates and the chord keys the session collected, and the user names the winner and registers it. There is no per-model table: the machine teaches the app what its buttons are.

Element	Binding / Handler	Purpose
MachineText / DaemonText	code-behind	The detected handheld and the vendor-daemon notice
StartBtn	StartButton_Click	Begins the three-phase pass. Disabled when the row has been retired mid-dialog
StatusText	phase strings	Which phase is running, or why none can
ChordText / CandidateBox	learn results	The chord the press produced, and the candidate list when the pass finds more than one
NameBox	NameBox_KeyDown	Display name. Enter registers
RegisterBtn	RegisterButton_Click	Adds the learned button to HandheldButtonRegistry
ButtonListBox / EmptyText	RefreshList	Learned buttons with per-row Remove (RemoveButton_Click), and the empty-state line
Export / Import	ExportButton_Click / ImportButton_Click	Carries a learned set between machines

RegisterVoicePhraseDialog

Files: RegisterVoicePhraseDialog.xaml, RegisterVoicePhraseDialog.xaml.cs

Voice macro management (#317), modeled on RegisterNfcTagDialog and sharing its head chrome. FluentWindow (ExtendsContentIntoTitleBar, WindowBackdropType="Mica", 640x620, ResizeMode="NoResize") opened from the Devices page ManageVoicePhrases_Click. Three bands: the settings row (EnabledBox, ModeBox, ConfidenceSlider clamped 0.5 to 0.99 with a ConfidenceText readout), the live HeardText readout prefixed with the microphone that heard the phrase, and the type-and-name registration row with a phrase list carrying per-row Remove.

There is no source picker. Phrases live on the devices that carry the microphones, and every reachable microphone runs its own session.

The dialog subscribes to the static VoiceMacroService.PhraseHeard event, hops to the UI thread with Dispatcher.BeginInvoke, and lights the matching PhraseRow for 1400 ms. Only a firing recognition lights a row: the engine maps every utterance to its nearest phrase, so lighting on any event made rows claim matches the confidence floor had already refused. The readout line still shows every attempt with its confidence. Each row owns its own FlashTimer, restarted per hit so overlapping recognitions extend the light instead of truncating it. Closed and the close button both run Unsubscribe, which stops every row timer and detaches the handler.

Element	Binding / Handler	Purpose
EnabledBox / ModeBox / ConfidenceSlider	Setting_Changed	Writes VoiceMacroService.Enabled / ListeningMode / MinConfidence, then marks settings dirty
HeardText	VoiceMacroService.PhraseHeard	[source] text (confidence), fired or ignored
PhraseBox / NameBox	PhraseBox_KeyDown	Phrase and display name. Enter registers
RegisterBtn	RegisterButton_Click	VoicePhraseRegistry.Register(phrase, name), then refreshes
PhraseListBox	_rows (PhraseRow)	Registered phrases with per-row Remove (RemoveButton_Click)

ConfirmDialog

Files: ConfirmDialog.xaml, ConfirmDialog.xaml.cs

Generic modal confirm. FluentWindow with the ember-tick display-face header, a message body, and OK / Cancel buttons. Used ahead of destructive actions across the app.

ManageProfilesDialog

Files: ManageProfilesDialog.xaml, ManageProfilesDialog.xaml.cs

HIDMaestro profile catalog manager. FluentWindow (640x660). Section 1 lists imported profiles (name + id) with Import From File / Export / Delete (Delete wears the destructive chrome and confirms first). Section 2 imports a profile from a connected device.

PairDeviceDialog

Files: PairDeviceDialog.xaml, PairDeviceDialog.xaml.cs

Wii Remote pairing flow (#116). FluentWindow (WiiPair_Title) that walks the user through the Bluetooth sync-button handshake.

PickSoundDialog

Files: PickSoundDialog.xaml, PickSoundDialog.xaml.cs

Sound file chooser for macro sound actions and sound packages. FluentWindow (460x480).

ColorPickerControl

Files: ColorPickerControl.xaml, ColorPickerControl.xaml.cs

HSV color picker UserControl. A 200x200 saturation/value square over a hue base layer, plus a hue strip. Feeds the lightbar and RGB color rows. The hue base layer is rebuilt from code-behind on hue change.

ShiftActivatorDialog

Files: ShiftActivatorDialog.xaml, ShiftActivatorDialog.xaml.cs

Shift-layer editor (Pad_Shift_DialogTitle, 600x760). Records the activator combo and configures the layer, including RGB color rows cloned from the Lighting tab's chrome.

ShiftLayerFlyout

Files: ShiftLayerFlyout.xaml, ShiftLayerFlyout.xaml.cs

Win11 volume-OSD-style flyout that reuses ProfileSwitchOverlay's pixel-measured chrome (bg #2D2E2E, border #141516, corner radius 8, layered shadow border plus content border so ClearType survives). Stays visible while a shift layer is engaged on the currently-viewed slot, slides out when the slot returns to Base.

TouchpadGestureRecorderDialog

Files: TouchpadGestureRecorderDialog.xaml, TouchpadGestureRecorderDialog.xaml.cs

Touchpad gesture recorder (#88). FluentWindow (640x660) that captures a stroke and saves it as a named gesture template. Inherits theme from Application.Resources (no local ThemesDictionary) so it tracks the user's light/dark choice.

TouchpadOverlay

Files: TouchpadOverlay.xaml, TouchpadOverlay.xaml.cs

Transparent, topmost Window that mirrors the touchpad surface with live finger dots and a fixed 32px click bar in the bottom row. Repositionable via the surface drag region, stylus press-and-hold / feedback suppressed.

MenuOverlayWindow

Files: MenuOverlayWindow.xaml, MenuOverlayWindow.xaml.cs

On-screen radial / touch menu HUD (#9). A click-through, never-activated Window (WindowStyle="None", AllowsTransparency, Topmost, ShowInTaskbar="False", ShowActivated="False", SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight") following the ShiftLayerFlyout precedent: WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_TRANSPARENT applied on Loaded, plus a WndProc hook answering WM_MOUSEACTIVATE with MA_NOACTIVATE, so it never steals focus from the game and never eats a click.

Owned by InputService, which pulls InputManager.ActiveMenuOverlay on the ~30 Hz UI timer (created lazily on first engage, hidden when no menu is engaged or the Dashboard's EnableMenuOverlay is off) and calls UpdateFromSnapshot. Content is built in code on a bare Canvas: annular wedge Path geometries for radial rings (a single slot renders as the full donut), rounded Rectangle cells for grids. Geometry rebuilds only when the menu identity or its GeometrySig (kind, cell count, center, labels, scale, position, opacity, name, item labels) changes. The per-tick work is the hover restyle: the hovered cell fills with SystemAccentColorPrimaryBrush when resolvable, ember orange otherwise. MaxRenderCells (64) caps the visual build. A hand-hacked config past that still hovers and commits, the window just refuses to build an unbounded visual. The window is centered at the menu's PosXPercent / PosYPercent on the primary work area (50/50 = centered), clamped fully on screen. Theme-aware through dark / light brush pairs re-applied on every rebuild.

RemoteLinkPairDialog

Files: RemoteLinkPairDialog.xaml, RemoteLinkPairDialog.xaml.cs

Remote Link consent screen (#138). FluentWindow (460 wide) that shows the short authentication string (SasText, compared out of band against the peer screen), the peer IdentityText, a consent-warning InfoBar, and a GamepadOnlyCheck checkbox. Pair accepts. Reject, or closing the window, declines.

RemoteLinkPasswordDialog

Files: RemoteLinkPasswordDialog.xaml, RemoteLinkPasswordDialog.xaml.cs

Remote Link password prompt (#138). FluentWindow (440 wide) with two PasswordBox fields (entry + confirm) and an error InfoBar. OK submits, Enter in either box submits too.

WorkshopBrowseDialog

Files: WorkshopBrowseDialog.xaml, WorkshopBrowseDialog.xaml.cs

The Steam Workshop config browser (#9). FluentWindow (Mica, 1280x760, min 1080x640) with a three-state flow: cold-forge opt-in panel, game-search shelf, game room (config cards plus the translation manifest pane). Search debounces 500 ms. Preset chips re-run the translation live. Art crossfades 240 ms through steel and honors the Windows animation setting. On Save it hands the materialized profile to MainWindow's AddWorkshopProfile import sink. The config card's pad art is WorkshopControllerPreview (Views/WorkshopControllerPreview.xaml), a UserControl wrapping a Viewbox over a code-built Canvas so callouts stay in the art's own pixel space, which is what ControllerOverlayLayout's coordinates are expressed in. Full anatomy on Steam Workshop Config Import Internals.

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Value Converters

All converters in PadForge.App/Converter/ (PadForge.Converters namespace). All but one are registered as StaticResource in App.xaml (lines 1044-1062). UppercaseConverter (key UpperConverter) is registered in ControllerIcons.xaml instead.

Converter	Key	Input	Output	Description
DzShapeNameConverter	DzShapeNameConverter	int (shape index)	string	Deadzone shape index to localized display name for the Sticks header subtitle.
EqBandTypeNameConverter	EqBandTypeNameConverter	EqBandType	string	Localized EQ band-type name for the Audio tab band picker. Defaults to Peak, the enum's zero (#347).
BoolToVisibilityConverter	BoolToVisibilityConverter	bool	Visibility	true = Visible, false = Collapsed. Parameter "Invert" reverses. Supports ConvertBack.
HexToBrushConverter	HexToBrushConverter	string (ARGB/RGB hex)	SolidColorBrush	Parses #FF8E44AD / #8E44AD to a brush. Empty/invalid falls back to muted gray #555555 (frozen). Used by the shift-layer tab colored dots.
NormToCanvasConverter	NormToCanvasConverter	double (0-1)	double	Canvas position, dot-centered. Parameter: "canvasDim" or "canvasDim,dotSize" (default dot 14).
SignedNormToCanvasConverter	SignedNormToCanvasConverter	double (-1..+1)	double	Signed canvas position: -1 = left/top edge, 0 = center, +1 = right/bottom. For the Constant Force grid.
PercentToSizeConverter	PercentToSizeConverter	int/double (0-100)	double	Percentage to pixel size. Parameter = max (sign preserved for offsets). For the deadzone ring.
CrossGeometryConverter	CrossGeometryConverter	MultiBinding(DeadZoneX, DeadZoneY)	Geometry	Cross-shaped path for the axial deadzone overlay.
SlopedWedgeGeometryConverter	SlopedWedgeGeometryConverter	MultiBinding(DeadZoneX, DeadZoneY)	Geometry	Triangular wedge paths for the sloped deadzone overlay.
NullToCollapsedConverter	NullToCollapsedConverter	object	Visibility	Non-null = Visible, null = Collapsed.
StringToVisibilityConverter	StringToVisibility	string	Visibility	Non-null/non-empty = Visible, else Collapsed.
EnumIndexConverter	EnumIndexConverter	enum	int	Bridges an enum property and ComboBox.SelectedIndex (enum values assumed sequential 0..N). Supports ConvertBack.
EnumEqualityVisibilityConverter	EnumEqualityVisibilityConverter	enum	Visibility	Visible when the enum name matches the parameter (case-insensitive, pipe-separated list allowed). Switches per-mode UI sections.
BoolToTriggerShapeKindConverter	BoolToTriggerShapeKindConverter	bool (IconRightSide)	LabeledShapeKind	false = TriggerLeft, true = TriggerRight.
RgbToBrushConverter	RgbToBrushConverter	MultiBinding(R, G, B) bytes	SolidColorBrush	Lightbar preview swatch on the Lighting tab. Falls back to black.
IndexToLetterConverter	IndexToLetterConverter	int (0-25)	string	0..25 maps to a..z. Index >= 26 falls back to s[N]. Macro formula chips.
IndexLessThanVisibilityConverter	IndexLessThanVisibilityConverter	int (count), param int (index)	Visibility	Visible when param < count. Reveals a per-letter formula chip when its index is within the variable count.
OneBasedIndexConverter	OneBasedIndexConverter	int (0-based)	string	Renders a 0-based index as its 1-based number. Touchpad-tab pad selector.
ExeIconConverter	ExeIconConverter	string (exe path)	ImageSource	Extracts the exe's shell icon for profile cards (cached per path, frozen). Returns null when the path is empty/missing.
UppercaseConverter	UpperConverter	string	string	Uppercases header strings for the ember eyebrow treatment. Registered in ControllerIcons.xaml, not App.xaml.

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Resource Dictionaries and Theming

App.xaml Resources

The #175 ember restyle grew App.xaml well past the old two-dictionary shell. Merged dictionaries (in order):

<Application.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
        <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
            <ui:ThemesDictionary Theme="Dark"/>     <!-- WPF UI theme, design-time default -->
            <ui:ControlsDictionary/>                <!-- WPF UI control styles -->
            <ResourceDictionary>                    <!-- font families (#175 typography) -->
                <FontFamily x:Key="TelemetryFontFamily">Cascadia Code, Consolas, Segoe UI</FontFamily>
                <FontFamily x:Key="BodyFontFamily">Segoe UI Variable Text, Segoe UI</FontFamily>
                <FontFamily x:Key="DisplayFontFamily">Segoe UI Variable Display, Segoe UI</FontFamily>
            </ResourceDictionary>
            <ResourceDictionary Source="/Resources/ControllerIcons.xaml"/>
            <ResourceDictionary>                    <!-- ember identity tokens (#175) -->
                <!-- Ember*/Cold*/Steel* brushes, WaitBrush, EmberSegGradient,
                     FlameOuterGeometry, LivenessFlameBase, MiniTypeButton styles -->
            </ResourceDictionary>
        </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>

        <!-- App-level styles (all in the root dictionary): -->
        <!-- implicit ComboBox / Button / CheckBox / TextBox / uictrl:TextBox /
             ToolTip / uictrl:FluentWindow / uictrl:DynamicScrollBar restyles -->
        <!-- keyed: EmberIconButton(+Hot), EmberAccentButton, EmberPrimaryButton,
             EmberDestructiveButton, EmberSelectListItem, EmberSlider,
             InstrumentBarRaw / InstrumentBarOut, EmberFocusVisual, EntranceFade -->
        <!-- 19 global converter registrations (lines 1044-1062) -->
    </ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>

Ember identity tokens (ColdBrush, EmberBrush, SteelGroundBrush, CrucibleCardBrush, and their relatives) carry the #175 color language: cold = the physical side (devices, sources, telemetry), ember = the virtual side (outputs, anything live), steel = the ground the two sit on. Green/gold/red stay health-only (WaitBrush is the only sanctioned gold). EmberThemeProbe / EmberTheme.ApplyAccent swap the theme-scoped pairs on a light/dark flip.

Theme is applied at runtime via Wpf.Ui.Appearance.ApplicationThemeManager.Apply(...) (Light / Dark) or ApplySystemTheme(). The Theme="Dark" attribute on ThemesDictionary is the design-time default.

App-level control styles (#175):

Key (or implicit target)	What it does
implicit ComboBox / Button / CheckBox / TextBox / uictrl:TextBox	30-32px grid metrics, ember text selection, faint neutral hover glow
implicit ToolTip / uictrl:FluentWindow	Body font, left-aligned tooltip text, dialog font inheritance
implicit uictrl:DynamicScrollBar	Always-visible track + thumb (stock template fades them in on hover)
EmberIconButton / EmberIconButtonHot	28x28 icon micro-buttons, cold ring for input actions, ember ring for output-writing actions
EmberAccentButton / EmberPrimaryButton	Ember rim + text affirmative verb (plain Button / uictrl:Button)
EmberDestructiveButton	Ember-deep rim + text for destructive confirms
EmberSelectListItem	Retemplated ListBoxItem: ember-tint wash + #66FF6B2C rim on select
EmberSlider	Retemplated single-thumb slider with an ember decrease-side fill
InstrumentBarRaw / InstrumentBarOut	RAW (cold-deep flat) / OUT (ember gradient + glow) telemetry ProgressBar retemplates
EmberFocusVisual (+ DefaultControlFocusVisualStyle, FocusVisualStyleKey)	Ember keyboard-focus ring app-wide
EntranceFade	150ms fade + 6px settle on Loaded for page/card roots

ControllerIcons.xaml

File: PadForge.App/Resources/ControllerIcons.xaml

DrawingImage icons (sidebar, dashboard, profiles):

Key	Source	Description
XboxControllerIcon	svgrepo.com (32x32)	Xbox logo icon
DS4ControllerIcon	svgrepo.com (32x32)	PlayStation logo icon
NintendoControllerIcon	Switch logo (32x32 box)	Nintendo family icon
ExtendedControllerIcon	svgrepo.com, viewBox -4 -2 24 24	Joystick icon
GenericControllerIcon	svgrepo.com (512x512, scaled)	Generic gamepad with D-pad and face buttons
KeyboardMouseControllerIcon	placeholder path	Placeholder so resource lookup succeeds. KB+M actually renders via an MDL2 glyph in code-behind. There is no MidiControllerIcon. MIDI uses the E8D6 MDL2 glyph directly.

Fills use DynamicResource TextFillColorPrimaryBrush. The GenericControllerIcon cutouts (D-pad, face buttons) use SolidBackgroundFillColorSecondaryBrush.

Hover-glow effects (frozen DropShadowEffect, shared by every hover trigger and code-behind site): EmberHoverGlow, EmberHoverGlowSmall, ColdHoverGlow, NeutralHoverGlow. Static Effect setters only, never animated (Effect animation from style triggers crashes at startup).

PadPage tab-icon geometries (Sticks/Triggers tab headers, derived from Zacksly Xbox Series icons, CC BY 3.0): ZackslyStickOuterRingGeometry, ZackslyStickInnerDiscGeometry, ZackslyTriggerOuterBodyGeometry, ZackslyTriggerOuterBodyRightGeometry, plus TouchpadStickIconGeometry (Segoe Fluent Icons F108 silhouette).

Shared card and section styles:

Key	TargetType	Properties
CardBorder	Border	CardBackgroundFillColorDefaultBrush background, 8px corner radius, 16px padding, 12px bottom margin, 1px #253049 stroke that heats to steel-lift on hover (theme-scoped via EmberThemeProbe)
CardTitle	TextBlock	15px Display face, SemiBold
CardSectionTitle	TextBlock	CardTitle + 8px bottom margin (divider-separated section title inside a card)
CardSubsectionTitle	TextBlock	SemiBold at body size, 6px bottom margin (one rank below CardTitle)
CardDescription	TextBlock	12px Body face, TextFillColorSecondaryBrush, wrap enabled, 8px bottom margin
SectionGlyph	TextBlock	Ember MDL2 glyph, 13px, for page section headers
SectionTitle	TextBlock	10px Telemetry mono eyebrow, SemiBold, tertiary
ChipCold / ChipEmber / ChipGhost	Border	Artifact chips: cold = physical fact, ember = virtual fact, ghost = neutral

Theme Switching

SettingsViewModel.SelectedThemeIndex maps to: - 0 = System Default (follows Windows setting) - 1 = Light - 2 = Dark

Applied via Wpf.Ui.Appearance.ApplicationThemeManager.Apply(ApplicationTheme.Light|Dark) or ApplySystemTheme() in OnThemeChanged. Code subscribes to ApplicationThemeManager.Changed to rebuild theme-aware brush caches in the visualization views (KBM, MIDI, Mouse, schematic).

Ember Identity Brushes

Defined inline in the App.xaml ember-tokens dictionary. Values below are the dark defaults. EmberTheme.ApplyAccent swaps the theme-paired ones on a light/dark flip.

Brush Key	Color	Usage
EmberBrush / EmberHotBrush / EmberDeepBrush	#FF6B2C / #FFA24D / #C43D0C	Virtual side: outputs, live state, accent verbs
ColdBrush / ColdDeepBrush / ColdMutedBrush	#58B6E4 / #2E6A8F / #9E58B6E4	Physical side: devices, sources, telemetry
SteelGroundBrush / SteelRaisedBrush / SteelLineBrush / SteelLineSoftBrush	#0B0E14 / #1B2333 / #253049 / #1C2536	Ground, raised, hairline, soft hairline
CrucibleCardBrush	#111623 gradient	Slot-card ground. EmberTheme swaps it per theme, and light falls back to the card fill. There is no SteelCardBrush key
EmberTintBrush / ColdTintBrush	#1AFF6B2C / #1A58B6E4	Checked-tab and chip washes
EmberTextBrush	#FF6B2C	Raw-ember text that deepens on white. Theme-paired
WaitBrush	#E8B434	The only sanctioned gold: cooling flames, awaiting-devices

The RangeSliderThumbFill brush from the v3 layout no longer exists.

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Common XAML Patterns

Card-Based Layout

Settings and driver pages use this card pattern:

<Border Style="{StaticResource CardBorder}">
    <StackPanel>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="0,0,0,4">
            <TextBlock Text="&#xE790;" FontFamily="Segoe MDL2 Assets" FontSize="16"
                       VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,8,0"/>
            <TextBlock Text="Card Title" Style="{StaticResource CardTitle}"/>
        </StackPanel>
        <TextBlock Text="Description text." Style="{StaticResource CardDescription}"/>
        <!-- Card content -->
    </StackPanel>
</Border>

Liveness Flame Indicator

Online/offline state renders as a flame Path, not a colored dot. The LivenessFlameBase style (App.xaml) draws an outline-only flame at rest. Each site adds one DataTrigger on IsOnline that fills it ember with a glow:

<Path>
    <Path.Style>
        <Style TargetType="Path" BasedOn="{StaticResource LivenessFlameBase}">
            <Style.Triggers>
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsOnline}" Value="True">
                    <Setter Property="Fill" Value="{DynamicResource EmberBrush}"/>
                    <Setter Property="Stroke" Value="{x:Null}"/>
                    <Setter Property="Effect">
                        <Setter.Value>
                            <DropShadowEffect Color="#FF6B2C" BlurRadius="8" ShadowDepth="0" Opacity="0.5"/>
                        </Setter.Value>
                    </Setter>
                </DataTrigger>
            </Style.Triggers>
        </Style>
    </Path.Style>
</Path>

The engine-state indicator in the status bar uses the same flame with DataTriggers on EngineStateKey instead (ember when Running, gold when Idle/Stopping).

Segoe MDL2 Asset Icons

Segoe MDL2 Assets font glyphs instead of image resources:

<TextBlock Text="&#xE713;" FontFamily="Segoe MDL2 Assets" FontSize="20"/>

Codes used: E713 settings, E790 personalization, E9F5 processing, E737 star, ED1A shield, E7FC gamepad, E8A5 save, E9D9 bug, E8F1 group, E8B7 library, E8B9 photo, F158 3D, E946 info, E772 devices, E7E8 power, E740 full screen, E710 add, E711 close, E72A forward, E72C undo, E700 global nav (hamburger), E8D6 music, EC4F MIDI, E961 keyboard, E774 globe, EDA4 touchpad, F119 VR headset, F2B7 language, E8C8 copy, E8D7 document, E7C3 page, E74C checkmark, E71B link, E75C clear, E74D delete, F404 home, E7BA warning, and the section and card glyphs named on this page: E702 Pair, E707 Compass Yaw, E716 Community Configs, E767 volume, E77B Head Tracking, E781 Lightbar Mirrors, E7F8 Handheld PC Buttons, E815 Grip, E83F Battery Alerts, E877 Sensa haptics and the rumble chip, E8DE Assignment Prompts, E969 Remote Link, E99A Tilt, E9E9 Gyro Sensitivity, EB9F Icon Packages, EFA5 touchpad chip, F0AD Constant Force, F1CB Gyro Response, F272 Gyro Calibration. EC05 (broadcast) and ED5D (driver) left with the Dashboard's driver status strip and appear nowhere in the app.

WPF UI NumberBox

Numeric input with inline spin buttons:

<ui:NumberBox Value="{Binding PollingRateMs, Mode=TwoWay}"
              Minimum="1" Maximum="16"
              SpinButtonPlacementMode="Inline" Width="120"/>

Localized String Bindings

All user-facing text uses localized bindings via Strings.Instance:

<TextBlock Text="{Binding Settings_Title, Source={x:Static strings:Strings.Instance}}"/>

Enables runtime language switching without restart.

MarqueeBehavior for Overflow Text

Long text (device names, GUIDs, paths) uses MarqueeBehavior.IsEnabled="True" inside a ClipToBounds="True" Border for scrolling overflow.

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Code-Behind Patterns

Bind/Unbind Pattern

All six visualization views (3D, 2D, Schematic, MIDI, KBM, VR) share this interface:

public void Bind(PadViewModel vm)    // Subscribe to PropertyChanged, hook rendering, load model
public void Unbind()                 // Stop flash, unhook rendering, clear VM reference

Lets PadPage switch views cleanly when output type or preference changes.

CompositionTarget.Rendering with Dirty Flag

Per-frame visual updates via CompositionTarget.Rendering, gated by a _dirty flag:

private bool _dirty;

private void OnRendering(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!_dirty || _vm == null) return;
    _dirty = false;
    // Update visuals...
}

private void OnVmPropertyChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
    _dirty = true;  // Coalesce multiple property changes into one render frame
}

Batches multiple property changes into one visual update per frame, avoiding redundant work.

DispatcherTimer Flash Animation

"Map All" recording flow across all views:

private DispatcherTimer _flashTimer;
private string _flashTarget;
private bool _flashOn;

private void UpdateFlashTarget(string target)
{
    // Start or stop flash timer based on target
    // Timer callback toggles highlight/default materials at 400ms interval
}

Event Relay Pattern

Code-behind raises events that MainWindow.xaml.cs wires to services, keeping views decoupled:

// DashboardPage.xaml.cs
public event EventHandler<int> DeleteSlotRequested;
private void DeleteSlot_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    if (sender is Button btn && btn.Tag is int slotIndex)
        DeleteSlotRequested?.Invoke(this, slotIndex);
}

// MainWindow.xaml.cs (wiring)
DashboardPageView.DeleteSlotRequested += (s, idx) => DeleteSlot(idx);

Syncing Guard Pattern

Prevents recursive updates when programmatically setting control values:

private bool _syncingExtendedConfig;

private void SyncExtendedConfigBar()
{
    if (DataContext is not PadViewModel vm) return;

    bool isExtended = vm.OutputType == Engine.VirtualControllerType.Extended;

    HMaestroProfileBar.Visibility = (vm.HasHMaestroProfileBar && !isExtended)
        ? Visibility.Visible
        : Visibility.Collapsed;
    ExtendedConfigBar.Visibility = isExtended ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Collapsed;

    if (isExtended)
    {
        _syncingExtendedConfig = true;
        SyncExtendedFields(vm);  // populates profile combo + Customize-gated overrides
        _syncingExtendedConfig = false;
    }
}

private void CustomizeToggle_Changed(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    if (_syncingExtendedConfig) return;  // Skip when syncing programmatically
    // ... handle user-initiated change ...
}

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See Also

• Architecture Overview: Application shell, page hosting, WPF UI theme
• ViewModels: PadViewModel, DashboardViewModel, DevicesViewModel, SettingsViewModel
• Services Layer: InputService, SettingsService, DeviceService wired in MainWindow.xaml.cs
• 2D Overlay System: ControllerModel2DView, ControllerSchematicView, KBMPreviewView, MidiPreviewView, VRPreviewView
• 3D Model System: ControllerModelView (HelixToolkit 3D viewport)
• Settings and Serialization: PadSetting descriptors driving mapping grid UI
• Virtual Controllers: Output type selection UI for Xbox, PlayStation, Nintendo, Extended, KB+M, MIDI, VR (all HM-backed types are produced by HMaestroVirtualController, VR by HMaestroVRController). The Add Controller popup builds a Nintendo button (Switch logo, AutomationId AddNintendoBtn, capacity via MaxNintendoSlots) between PlayStation and Extended, and a VR button (F119 glyph, AutomationId AddVrBtn, capacity via MaxVrSlots = 1) at the tail, the VirtualControllerGroups.InOrder visual order.
• Driver Installation Internals: HidHide and Windows MIDI Services install/uninstall triggered from SettingsPage (HIDMaestro is embedded. OpenXInput is unpacked next to PadForge.exe from the single-file bundle)

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Last updated for PadForge 4.5.0.